🏷️ Basic Information Identification Make: Kia Model: Pride / Avella Year: 2002 Generation Generation: Second Generation (BD) Codes Platform Code: BD 👋 Introduction Market Position Positioning: Essential technical resource for Kia Pride Avella owners and independent repair shops. Competitive Analysis Uniqueness: Vehicle-specific, manufacturer-level detail, not generic. Key Features Accuracy: Accurate, clear, and concise text with detailed diagrams. Ease Of Use: Step-by-step instructions for users of all skill levels. Value Proposition Cost Savings: Enables DIY repairs, saving significant labor costs. 📋 Manual Details Coverage Areas Manual Scope: Comprehensive service and repair Page Count Estimated Pages: 1500+ Manual Type Type: Workshop Service Repair Manual Language Language: English Format Format: PDF Download 📖 Manual Coverage Systems Covered Engine Mechanical: Engine overhaul, internal components, timing, lubrication, cooling Engine Electrical: Ignition system, starting and charging system, sensors, ECU diagnostics Emission Control: Catalytic converter, EGR, EVAP systems, emissions testing Fuel System: Fuel injection, fuel pump, injectors, fuel tank, fuel lines Clutch System: Clutch assembly, clutch pedal, hydraulic system, service and replacement Manual Transaxle: Gearbox disassembly, assembly, internal components, lubrication Automatic Transaxle: Transmission operation, control systems, fluid service, overhaul Driveshaft Axle: CV joints, drive shafts, wheel bearings, differential service Suspension System: Front and rear suspension, shock absorbers, springs, bushings, alignment Steering System: Power steering, steering column, tie rods, rack and pinion, steering wheel Restraint System: Airbag system, seat belts, pre-tensioners, SRS module diagnostics Brake System: Brake pads, rotors, calipers, master cylinder, ABS system, brake lines Body Interior Exterior: Body panels, doors, bumpers, trim, seats, interior components Body Electrical: Lighting, wipers, power windows, central locking, instrument cluster, fuses HVAC: Air conditioning, heating, ventilation, blower motor, controls, refrigerant Procedures Included Maintenance: Oil changes, filter replacements, fluid checks, tune-ups, belt replacement Troubleshooting: Diagnostic flowcharts, symptom-based troubleshooting, electrical fault finding Repair: Component replacement, assembly/disassembly, system calibration Diagnostics: OBD-II codes, scan tool procedures, specific system diagnosis Wiring Schematics: Complete electrical wiring diagrams for all systems Technical Depth Depth: Full service and repair, from basic maintenance to complex overhauls Target Audience: Professional mechanics, DIY enthusiasts, dealership technicians 📊 Manual Specifications File Format File Type: PDF Compatibility: Windows XP, Vista, 7, 8, 10, 11 & macOS Print Quality Printability: Yes, all pages printable Image Quality: High-resolution diagrams and illustrations Binding Type Binding: N/A (Digital PDF) Paper Type Paper Type: N/A (Digital PDF) Software Requirements Required Software: Adobe PDF Reader (latest version recommended) ⚙️ Engine Specifications Primary Engine Engine Code Typical: B3 (1.3L) Engine Type: Inline 4-cylinder, SOHC (potentially DOHC depending on market/trim) Performance Displacement Liters: 1.3 Horsepower Ps: ~70-80 PS (estimate, varies by specific engine variant) Torque Nm: ~100-110 Nm (estimate, varies by specific engine variant) Fuel System Fuel Delivery: Electronic Fuel Injection (EFI) Fuel Type: Unleaded Gasoline Cooling System Coolant Type: Ethylene glycol-based antifreeze (refer to manual for specific Kia P/N) Lubrication System Engine Oil Capacity Liters: ~3.5-4.0 L (check manual for exact spec) Engine Oil Grade: 5W-30 or 10W-40 (refer to manual for specific viscosity and API rating) 🔧 Transmission Standard Transmission Type: 5-speed Manual Transaxle Optional Transmission Type: 4-speed Automatic Transaxle Features Manual Fluid Type: API GL-4 Gear Oil (refer to manual for specific viscosity) Automatic Fluid Type: Dexron III or equivalent (refer to manual for specific Kia P/N) 📐 Dimensions Exterior Body Styles Available: 3-door Hatchback, 5-door Hatchback, 4-door Sedan (market dependent) Weights Curb Weight Kg: ~950-1100 kg (varies by body style and equipment) 🛡️ Safety Features Ratings Crash Test Availability: Limited data for this model year and region. Refer to manual for system diagnostics. Active Features ABS: Optional on some trims Passive Features Airbags: Driver and Passenger airbags standard on many models Seat Belts: 3-point front and rear seat belts 💡 Technology Features Infotainment Audio System: Basic AM/FM radio with cassette or CD player, optional upgraded sound system. Driver Assistance Cruise Control: Optional on higher trims Connectivity Auxiliary Input: Unlikely for the year; often required aftermarket modification. 🔧 Maintenance Service Intervals Oil Change Interval Km: 7,500 km or 6 months (typical, refer to manual) Air Filter Replacement Km: 15,000 km or 12 months (typical, refer to manual) Spark Plug Replacement Km: 30,000 km (typical, refer to manual for plug type) Timing Belt Replacement Km: 90,000 km or 5 years (critical, refer to manual) Fluid Specifications Brake Fluid Type: DOT 3 or DOT 4 (refer to manual) Power Steering Fluid: ATF Dexron II/III or specific power steering fluid (refer to manual) Known Issues Common Wear Items: Suspension bushings, clutch wear, exhaust system components, fuel injectors. Electrical Quirks: Wiring harness issues, faulty window regulators, instrument cluster problems (common in older vehicles). 📚 Vehicle History Brand Heritage Brand Origin: South Korea Model Evolution First Generation Start: 1993 (as Kia Avella) Production Production Period: 1992-2000 (First Gen), 2000-2005 (Second Gen 'BD') Manufacturing Location: South Korea 🏆 Awards & Recognition Recognitions Awards: No significant widely publicized awards for this specific model year and market,...