🏷️ Basic Information Identification Make: BMW Model: 518 Year: 1981 Codes Chassis Code: E28 👋 Introduction Market Position Segment: Executive Sedan, Entry-level Luxury Competitive Analysis Competitors: Mercedes-Benz W123, Audi 100, Volvo 240 Key Features Brand Philosophy: Sporty handling, build quality, driver engagement Model Differentiation: More affordable entry point into the BMW 5 Series lineup, known for its reliability and fuel efficiency compared to larger engine variants 📋 Manual Details Coverage Areas Primary Coverage: Service, Repair, Maintenance Secondary Coverage: Troubleshooting, Diagnostics, Electrical Schematics, Wiring Diagrams Page Count Estimated Page Count: 400+ Manual Type Type: Workshop Service Manual Language Language: English Format Format: Digital (PDF) 📖 Manual Coverage Systems Covered Engine: M10B18 (2.0L inline-4), including overhaul, tuning, cooling system, lubrication system, fuel delivery, ignition system Transmission: Getrag 260 (4-speed manual), clutch, drivetrain, propeller shaft, differential Suspension: Front MacPherson struts, rear semi-trailing arms, shock absorbers, springs, bushings, steering system (including power steering) Brakes: Front ventilated discs, rear drums (standard on 518), hydraulic system, parking brake Electrical: 12V system, battery, alternator, starter motor, lighting system, dashboard instruments, fuses, relays, engine management sensors, wiring diagrams Body: Chassis structure, body panels, doors, windows, bumpers, interior trim, heating and ventilation system Procedures Included Routine Maintenance: Oil changes, filter replacements, spark plug replacement, fluid level checks, belt adjustments Engine Repair: Engine rebuild, piston and ring replacement, cylinder head overhaul, valve adjustments, timing chain replacement Transmission Repair: Clutch replacement, transmission fluid change, gearbox overhaul (manual) Brake Service: Brake pad and shoe replacement, brake fluid flush, caliper and cylinder overhaul Electrical Diagnostics: Troubleshooting electrical faults using wiring diagrams, component testing, starter/alternator testing Suspension And Steering: Shock absorber replacement, control arm bushing replacement, steering rack adjustment Technical Depth Depth: Comprehensive, from basic maintenance to major overhauls and detailed diagnostics 📊 Manual Specifications File Format Quality: High-resolution scans, searchable text, clear diagrams Print Quality Readability: Excellent, designed for clarity of technical information Binding Type Type: N/A (Digital PDF) Paper Type Type: N/A (Digital PDF) ⚙️ Engine Specifications Primary Engine Engine Code: M10B18 Configuration: Inline 4-cylinder, SOHC Displacement: 1.8 Liters (1766 cc) Performance Horsepower: 90 PS (90 hp; 89 bhp) at 5800 rpm Torque: 138 Nm (102 lb-ft) at 3500 rpm Fuel System Induction: Bosch L-Jetronic Fuel Injection Fuel Type: Unleaded Gasoline (Octane Rating: 91 or higher) 🔧 Transmission Standard Type: 4-speed Manual (Getrag 260) Optional Type: 3-speed Automatic (ZF) Features Clutch: Hydraulically actuated single dry plate clutch 📐 Dimensions Exterior Length: 4620 mm (181.9 in) Width: 1700 mm (66.9 in) Height: 1415 mm (55.7 in) Wheelbase: 2765 mm (108.9 in) Weights Curb Weight: 1300 kg (2866 lbs) Gross Vehicle Weight: 1800 kg (3968 lbs) 🛡️ Safety Features Ratings Era Standard: Meets 1980s passive safety standards Active Features Brakes: Four-wheel disc brakes (optional front ventilated, rear drums standard) with dual-circuit hydraulic system Steering: Recirculating ball steering, optional power steering Passive Features Body Structure: Integrated safety cage, crumple zones Restraints: Seat belts (three-point front, two-point rear) 💡 Technology Features Infotainment Audio System: Factory fitted AM/FM radio, optional cassette player, basic speaker system Driver Assistance Features: None in the modern sense; focus on mechanical feedback and driver control 🔧 Maintenance Service Intervals Oil Change: Every 5,000 - 7,500 miles (8,000 - 12,000 km) or annually Air Filter Replacement: Every 15,000 - 20,000 miles (24,000 - 32,000 km) Spark Plug Replacement: Every 20,000 - 30,000 miles (32,000 - 48,000 km) Fluid Specifications Engine Oil: API SG, SAE 20W-50 or 15W-40 (check specific climate recommendations in manual) Coolant: 50/50 mix of antifreeze and distilled water (BMW recommended silicate-free coolant) Brake Fluid: DOT 3 or DOT 4 (low viscosity) Transmission Fluid Manual: GL-4 SAE 75W-90 gear oil Transmission Fluid Automatic: Dexron III (or equivalent) Known Issues Common Problems: Cooling system leaks (radiator, hoses), fuel injection system maintenance, door seal degradation, rust in common areas (wheel arches, sills), ignition component wear Troubleshooting Focus: Manual provides detailed diagnostic steps for common M10 engine issues, including hard starting, rough idle, and power loss 📚 Vehicle History Brand Heritage Legacy: BMW's reputation for engineering, performance, and luxury sedans Model Evolution Generation: E28 chassis, succeeding the E12 5 Series Introduction Era: E28 generation introduced in 1981, replacing the E12 Production Production Years E28: 1981-1987 Manufacturing Location: Germany 🏆 Awards & Recognition Recognitions Brand Awards: BMW consistently recognized for engineering excellence and driving dynamics across its model ranges Ratings Model Reputation: The E28 generation, including the 518, is praised for its robust build quality and timeless design