🏷️ Basic Information Identification Make: Kia Model: Rondo Year: 2012 Codes Platform: VQ (Second Generation) 👋 Introduction Market Position Segment: Compact MPV (Multi-Purpose Vehicle) Target Audience: Families seeking flexible seating and practical cargo space in a compact footprint. Competitive Analysis Key Competitors 2012: Mazda5, Ford C-Max, Volkswagen Golf SportWagen (in some markets) Key Features Seating Configuration: Available in 5-seater and 7-seater configurations. Practicality: Slide-open rear doors for easy access, flexible interior packaging. 📋 Manual Details Coverage Areas Primary Coverage: North America, Europe Market Specific Variants: All North American and European market variants for 2012 Page Count Estimated Page Count: 2000+ Manual Type Type: Factory Service Manual / Workshop Manual Language Language: English Format Format: PDF Download 📖 Manual Coverage Systems Covered Powertrain: Engine mechanical, engine management, fuel system, cooling system, exhaust system, transmission (automatic), transfer case (if applicable) Chassis: Brakes (hydraulic, ABS, ESC), steering, suspension (front and rear), wheels and tires Electrical: Body electrical, power distribution, lighting, instruments and gauges, audio system, climate control, power accessories, starting and charging system, multiplex communication Body: Body construction, exterior trim, interior trim, doors, windows, seats, HVAC (HVAC system diagnosis and repair) Procedures Included Maintenance: Scheduled maintenance, fluid changes, filter replacements, spark plug service, brake fluid flush Diagnosis: Troubleshooting charts, diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs), symptom-based diagnosis, component testing Repair: Component removal and installation, sub-assembly repair, system overhauls, body panel repair Technical Specifications: Torque specifications, alignment data, electrical schematics, component identification Technical Depth Depth: Comprehensive, from basic maintenance to complex diagnostic and repair procedures. Suitable for professional technicians and advanced DIY enthusiasts. 📊 Manual Specifications File Format Digital Format: PDF Print Quality Image Resolution: High-resolution, suitable for printing Binding Type Binding: N/A (Digital Download) Paper Type Paper Type: N/A (Digital Download) ⚙️ Engine Specifications Primary Engine Engine Code: G4KD (Theta II) Engine Type: Inline-4, DOHC, 16-valve Displacement: 2.4 Liters (2359 cc) Bore X Stroke: 88.0 mm x 97.0 mm Compression Ratio: 10.0:1 Performance Horsepower: 175 hp @ 6000 rpm (approximate) Torque: 169 lb-ft @ 4000 rpm (approximate) Fuel System Fuel Delivery: Electronic Multi-Point Fuel Injection (MPI) Fuel Type: Unleaded gasoline Recommended Octane: 87 AKI (Octane rating may vary by market) Engine Management ECU Type: Kia proprietary ECU, integrated with CAN bus system Emission Controls: Catalytic converter, Oxygen sensors (O2S), EGR valve (on some variants) 🔧 Transmission Standard Type: 6-Speed Automatic Transmission Transmission Code: A6GF1 (common) Optional Type: N/A (No manual transmission offered for this model year in North America/Europe) Features Driver Modes: Sportmatic manual shifting mode Fluid Specifications Fluid Type: Kia Genuine ATF SP-IV or equivalent Capacity: Approximately 7.5 Liters (dry fill), 3.5 Liters (drain and fill) 📐 Dimensions Exterior Length: 4480 mm (176.4 in) Width: 1785 mm (70.3 in) Height: 1640 mm (64.6 in) Wheelbase: 2700 mm (106.3 in) Front Track: 1555 mm (61.2 in) Rear Track: 1550 mm (61.0 in) Weights Curb Weight: 1510 - 1600 kg (approximate, depending on configuration) Gross Vehicle Weight Rating Gvwr: 2050 kg (approximate) Towing Capacity: Not recommended or specified for most markets Cargo Cargo Volume Behind 2Nd Row: 317 Liters (11.2 cu ft) Cargo Volume Behind 3Rd Row: 137 Liters (4.8 cu ft) (for 7-seater models) Cargo Volume Max With Rear Seats Folded: 1594 Liters (56.3 cu ft) (for 5-seater models) 🛡️ Safety Features Ratings NHTSA Front Crash Test: 5-Star Rating (for 2012 model year in the US) IIHS Top Safety Pick: Yes (for 2012 model year) Active Features Electronic Stability Control Esc: Standard Traction Control System TCS: Standard Anti-Lock Braking System ABS: Standard Electronic Brake-Force Distribution Ebdf: Standard Brake Assist System Bas: Standard Passive Features Airbags: Front, front side, curtain airbags (standard) Seatbelts: 3-point seatbelts with pretensioners and load limiters Child Seat Anchors: LATCH (Lower Anchors and Tethers for CHildren) system 💡 Technology Features Infotainment Audio System: Standard AM/FM/CD/MP3 audio system with USB/Auxiliary input. Optional Infinity premium audio system. Navigation: Optional touchscreen navigation system available on higher trims. Driver Assistance Rearview Camera: Optional parking assist camera available. Cruise Control: Standard on most trims. Connectivity Bluetooth: Optional Bluetooth hands-free connectivity available. Keyless Entry: Standard keyless entry, optional push-button start. 🔧 Maintenance Service Intervals Oil Change Interval: Every 7,500 miles (12,000 km) or 6 months, whichever comes first (under normal driving conditions). Air Filter Replacement: Every 22,500 miles (36,000 km) or 18 months. Cabin Air Filter Replacement: Every 15,000 miles (24,000 km) or 12 months. Engine Coolant Flush: Initial flush at 105,000 miles (168,000 km), then every 30,000 miles (48,000 km) or 24 months. Transmission Fluid Change: Inspect every 30,000 miles (48,000 km), replace as needed or at approximately 100,000 miles (160,000 km) under severe conditions (refer to manual for specifics). Fluid Specifications Engine Oil Type: SAE 5W-20, API SM or higher, ILSAC GF-4 or higher Engine Oil Capacity: 4.8 Liters (5.1 US Quarts) Brake Fluid Type: FMVSS No. 116 DOT 3 Power Steering Fluid Type: Kia Genuine...