Subaru Legacy 2012 Workshop Service Repair Manual

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🏷️ Basic Information Identification Make: Subaru Model: Legacy Year: 2012 Generation Generation Designation: Fifth Generation (BM/BR) Codes Chassis Code: BM (Sedan) / BR (Wagon) 👋 Introduction Market Position Vehicle Segment: Mid-size Sedan/Wagon Key Selling Points: Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive standard, horizontally opposed Boxer engines, safety, comfort, practicality Competitive Analysis Competitors: Toyota Camry, Honda Accord, Nissan Altima, Mazda6, Ford Fusion Key Features Standard AWD: Subaru's signature Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive system offers enhanced traction and stability in various conditions. Boxer Engine: Low center of gravity provided by the Boxer engine contributes to improved handling and stability. Safety Focus: Reputation for safety, often featuring advanced airbag systems and solid structural integrity. Practicality: Spacious interior, comfortable ride, and available as both sedan and wagon for added versatility. 📋 Manual Details Coverage Areas Engine Coverage: 2.5L Naturally Aspirated (EJ253), 2.5L Turbocharged (EJ255), 3.6L Naturally Aspirated (EZ36D) Transmission Coverage: 5-Speed Manual, 6-Speed Manual, CVT (Lineartronic) Drivetrain Coverage: All-Wheel Drive (Symmetrical AWD) Trim Level Coverage: All trim levels (e.g., 2.5i, 2.5GT, 3.6R, GT Premium, 2.5i Premium, 2.5i Limited, 3.6R Limited) Page Count Estimated Pages: Hundreds (Exact count may vary by specific release, but comprehensive) Manual Type Type: Workshop Service Repair Manual (WSRM) Language Language: English Format Format Type: Downloadable Digital File (Likely PDF) 📖 Manual Coverage Systems Covered Engine Mechanical: Engine assembly, cylinder head, block, pistons, crankshaft, camshafts, timing system, lubrication, cooling Engine Electrical: Ignition system, fuel injection, starting, charging, ECU, sensors, wiring diagrams Transmission Manual: Clutch, gearbox assembly, gear shift mechanism, internal components Transmission Automatic Cvt: CVT unit assembly, hydraulic control, torque converter, control module, fluid service Drivetrain: Front and rear differentials, driveshafts, CV joints, propeller shaft, AWD system operation Suspension: Front struts, rear shock absorbers, control arms, bushings, stabilizer bars, wheel bearings Brakes: Front and rear disc brakes, ABS, EBD, brake fluid service, hydraulic lines, calipers, rotors Steering: Power steering system (hydraulic or electric), steering column, rack and pinion assembly Exhaust: Exhaust manifolds, catalytic converters, mufflers, hangers, oxygen sensors Fuel: Fuel tank, fuel pump, fuel lines, fuel filter, injectors, evaporative emission control (EVAP) Climate Control: HVAC system, AC compressor, condenser, evaporator, heater core, refrigerant, controls Electrical Body: Lighting systems, wipers, washers, power windows, door locks, mirrors, horn, interior lighting Safety Systems: Airbag system, seatbelt pre-tensioners, SRS warning lights, related sensors and modules Body Exterior: Bumpers, fenders, doors, hood, trunk, roof, glass, body panel removal and installation Body Interior: Dashboard, seats, door panels, headliner, carpeting, trim pieces Diagnostics Troubleshooting: Diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs), common symptoms, troubleshooting procedures for all systems Procedures Included Routine Maintenance: Oil changes, filter replacements, fluid checks and top-offs, tire rotations, spark plug replacement Scheduled Maintenance: Detailed service intervals for major and minor maintenance tasks Engine Repair: Engine overhaul, head gasket replacement, timing belt/chain service, component replacement Transmission Service: Fluid and filter replacement, clutch replacement, CVT service, transmission overhaul Brake System Repair: Brake pad/shoe replacement, rotor replacement, caliper servicing, brake line replacement, bleeding procedures Suspension And Steering Repair: Component replacement (shocks, struts, arms, tie rods), alignment procedures, power steering system repair Electrical Component Replacement: Alternator, starter, battery, sensors, ignition coils, ECU, lighting units HVAC System Repair: Component replacement (compressor, radiator), refrigerant charging, leak detection Body Panel Repair And Replacement: Door, fender, hood, bumper removal and installation, alignment Diagnostic Tool Usage: Guidance on using Subaru's specific diagnostic tools and procedures Technical Depth Depth Level: Factory Level - Comprehensive Rebuild and Repair Diagnostic Capability: Advanced diagnostic procedures, symptom-to-cause analysis, wiring diagrams for troubleshooting Torque Specifications: Detailed torque specifications for all fasteners and critical components Clearances And Tolerances: Specifications for engine component clearances, bearing tolerances, etc. Special Tools: Identification of required special tools for specific procedures 📊 Manual Specifications File Format Format: Digital Download (PDF recommended for printing and searching) Print Quality Resolution: High-resolution scans of original factory documentation, suitable for printing Binding Type Binding: N/A (Digital Download) Paper Type Paper Type: N/A (Digital Download) Searchability Text Search: Searchable text content within PDF for quick access to information Printability Printable: Printable, allowing users to print individual pages or the entire manual ⚙️ Engine Specifications Primary Engine Engine Code 2.5I: EJ253 Engine Type 2.5I: 2.5L SOHC Naturally Aspirated Boxer-4 Displacement 2.5I: 2457 cc (2.5 Liters) Bore X Stroke 2.5I: 99.5 mm x 79.0 mm Compression Ratio 2.5I: 10.0:1 Horsepower 2.5I: 170 hp @ 5600 rpm Torque 2.5I: 170 lb-ft @ 4000 rpm Engine Code 2.5Gt Engine Code: EJ255 Engine Type: 2.5L DOHC Turbocharged Boxer-4 Horsepower: 265 hp @ 5200 rpm Torque: 290 lb-ft @ 2000-5200 rpm Engine Code 3.6R Engine Code: EZ36D Engine Type: 3.6L DOHC Naturally Aspirated Boxer-6 Displacement: 3630 cc (3.6 Liters) Bore X Stroke: 92.0 mm x 91.0 mm Compression Ratio: 10.5:1 Horsepower: 256 hp @ 6000 rpm Torque: 247 lb-ft @ 4400 rpm Fuel System Injection Type: Sequential Multi-Port Fuel Injection (MPI) / Electronic Fuel Injection (EFI) Fuel Type: Unleaded Gasoline (87 octane recommended...

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Description

🏷️ Basic Information

Identification

Make:

Subaru

Model:

Legacy

Year:

Generation

Generation Designation:

Fifth Generation (BM/BR)

Codes

Chassis Code:

BM (Sedan) / BR (Wagon)

👋 Introduction

Market Position

Vehicle Segment:

Mid-size Sedan/Wagon

Key Selling Points:

Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive standard, horizontally opposed Boxer engines, safety, comfort, practicality

Competitive Analysis

Competitors:

Toyota Camry, Honda Accord, Nissan Altima, Mazda6, Ford Fusion

Key Features

Standard AWD:

Subaru's signature Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive system offers enhanced traction and stability in various conditions.

Boxer Engine:

Low center of gravity provided by the Boxer engine contributes to improved handling and stability.

Safety Focus:

Reputation for safety, often featuring advanced airbag systems and solid structural integrity.

Practicality:

Spacious interior, comfortable ride, and available as both sedan and wagon for added versatility.

📋 Manual Details

Coverage Areas

Engine Coverage:

2.5L Naturally Aspirated (EJ253), 2.5L Turbocharged (EJ255), 3.6L Naturally Aspirated (EZ36D)

Transmission Coverage:

5-Speed Manual, 6-Speed Manual, CVT (Lineartronic)

Drivetrain Coverage:

All-Wheel Drive (Symmetrical AWD)

Trim Level Coverage:

All trim levels (e.g., 2.5i, 2.5GT, 3.6R, GT Premium, 2.5i Premium, 2.5i Limited, 3.6R Limited)

Page Count

Estimated Pages:

Hundreds (Exact count may vary by specific release, but comprehensive)

Manual Type

Type:

Workshop Service Repair Manual (WSRM)

Language

Language:

English

Format

Format Type:

Downloadable Digital File (Likely PDF)

📖 Manual Coverage

Systems Covered

Engine Mechanical:

Engine assembly, cylinder head, block, pistons, crankshaft, camshafts, timing system, lubrication, cooling

Engine Electrical:

Ignition system, fuel injection, starting, charging, ECU, sensors, wiring diagrams

Transmission Manual:

Clutch, gearbox assembly, gear shift mechanism, internal components

Transmission Automatic Cvt:

CVT unit assembly, hydraulic control, torque converter, control module, fluid service

Drivetrain:

Front and rear differentials, driveshafts, CV joints, propeller shaft, AWD system operation

Suspension:

Front struts, rear shock absorbers, control arms, bushings, stabilizer bars, wheel bearings

Brakes:

Front and rear disc brakes, ABS, EBD, brake fluid service, hydraulic lines, calipers, rotors

Steering:

Power steering system (hydraulic or electric), steering column, rack and pinion assembly

Exhaust:

Exhaust manifolds, catalytic converters, mufflers, hangers, oxygen sensors

Fuel:

Fuel tank, fuel pump, fuel lines, fuel filter, injectors, evaporative emission control (EVAP)

Climate Control:

HVAC system, AC compressor, condenser, evaporator, heater core, refrigerant, controls

Electrical Body:

Lighting systems, wipers, washers, power windows, door locks, mirrors, horn, interior lighting

Safety Systems:

Airbag system, seatbelt pre-tensioners, SRS warning lights, related sensors and modules

Body Exterior:

Bumpers, fenders, doors, hood, trunk, roof, glass, body panel removal and installation

Body Interior:

Dashboard, seats, door panels, headliner, carpeting, trim pieces

Diagnostics Troubleshooting:

Diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs), common symptoms, troubleshooting procedures for all systems

Procedures Included

Routine Maintenance:

Oil changes, filter replacements, fluid checks and top-offs, tire rotations, spark plug replacement

Scheduled Maintenance:

Detailed service intervals for major and minor maintenance tasks

Engine Repair:

Engine overhaul, head gasket replacement, timing belt/chain service, component replacement

Transmission Service:

Fluid and filter replacement, clutch replacement, CVT service, transmission overhaul

Brake System Repair:

Brake pad/shoe replacement, rotor replacement, caliper servicing, brake line replacement, bleeding procedures

Suspension And Steering Repair:

Component replacement (shocks, struts, arms, tie rods), alignment procedures, power steering system repair

Electrical Component Replacement:

Alternator, starter, battery, sensors, ignition coils, ECU, lighting units

HVAC System Repair:

Component replacement (compressor, radiator), refrigerant charging, leak detection

Body Panel Repair And Replacement:

Door, fender, hood, bumper removal and installation, alignment

Diagnostic Tool Usage:

Guidance on using Subaru's specific diagnostic tools and procedures

Technical Depth

Depth Level:

Factory Level - Comprehensive Rebuild and Repair

Diagnostic Capability:

Advanced diagnostic procedures, symptom-to-cause analysis, wiring diagrams for troubleshooting

Torque Specifications:

Detailed torque specifications for all fasteners and critical components

Clearances And Tolerances:

Specifications for engine component clearances, bearing tolerances, etc.

Special Tools:

Identification of required special tools for specific procedures

📊 Manual Specifications

File Format

Format:

Digital Download (PDF recommended for printing and searching)

Print Quality

Resolution:

High-resolution scans of original factory documentation, suitable for printing

Binding Type

Binding:

N/A (Digital Download)

Paper Type

Paper Type:

N/A (Digital Download)

Searchability

Text Search:

Searchable text content within PDF for quick access to information

Printability

Printable:

Printable, allowing users to print individual pages or the entire manual

⚙️ Engine Specifications

Primary Engine

Engine Code 2.5I:

EJ253

Engine Type 2.5I:

2.5L SOHC Naturally Aspirated Boxer-4

Displacement 2.5I:

2457 cc (2.5 Liters)

Bore X Stroke 2.5I:

99.5 mm x 79.0 mm

Compression Ratio 2.5I:

10.0:1

Horsepower 2.5I:

170 hp @ 5600 rpm

Torque 2.5I:

170 lb-ft @ 4000 rpm

Engine Code 2.5Gt

Engine Code:

EJ255

Engine Type:

2.5L DOHC Turbocharged Boxer-4

Horsepower:

265 hp @ 5200 rpm

Torque:

290 lb-ft @ 2000-5200 rpm

Engine Code 3.6R

Engine Code:

EZ36D

Engine Type:

3.6L DOHC Naturally Aspirated Boxer-6

Displacement:

3630 cc (3.6 Liters)

Bore X Stroke:

92.0 mm x 91.0 mm

Compression Ratio:

10.5:1

Horsepower:

256 hp @ 6000 rpm

Torque:

247 lb-ft @ 4400 rpm

Fuel System

Injection Type:

Sequential Multi-Port Fuel Injection (MPI) / Electronic Fuel Injection (EFI)

Fuel Type:

Unleaded Gasoline (87 octane recommended for NA, 91 octane recommended for Turbocharged)

🔧 Transmission

Standard

Transmission Type 2.5I:

5-Speed Manual

Transmission Type 2.5Gt:

6-Speed Manual

Optional

Transmission Type All Engines:

Subaru Lineartronic CVT (Continuously Variable Transmission)

Features

AWD System:

Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive with variable torque distribution (Active AWD for CVT, viscous coupling limited-slip for manual)

Fluid Specifications

Manual Transmission Fluid:

API GL-5, SAE 75W-90 (Specific Subaru specification may apply)

Cvtf Fluid:

Subaru CVT Fluid (Specific Subaru specification required)

📐 Dimensions

Exterior

Length Sedan:

4790 mm (188.6 inches)

Length Wagon:

4790 mm (188.6 inches)

Width:

1780 mm (70.1 inches)

Height Sedan:

1475 mm (58.1 inches)

Height Wagon:

1535 mm (60.4 inches)

Wheelbase:

2750 mm (108.3 inches)

Ground Clearance:

140 mm (5.5 inches)

Weights

Curb Weight 2.5I Manual:

Approx. 1510 kg (3329 lbs)

Curb Weight 3.6R Cvt:

Approx. 1610 kg (3549 lbs)

Cargo

Cargo Volume Sedan:

Approx. 15.1 cu ft (428 Liters)

Cargo Volume Wagon:

Approx. 31.1 cu ft (881 Liters) with seats up, 73.3 cu ft (2075 Liters) with seats folded

🛡️ Safety Features

Ratings

IIHS Crash Test Rating:

Good in front, side, rear, and roof strength tests (Top Safety Pick status common for this generation)

NHTSA Crash Test Rating:

Generally 5-star ratings in frontal, side, and rollover categories

Active Features

Anti-lock Braking System (ABS)

Electronic Brake-force Distribution (EBD)

Vehicle Stability Control (VSC) / Electronic Stability Control (ESC)

Traction Control:

Traction Control System (TCS)

Passive Features

Airbags Front:

Dual-stage front airbags

Airbags Side:

Front seat-mounted side airbags

Airbags Curtain:

Front and rear side-curtain airbags

Seatbelts:

3-point height-adjustable front seatbelts with pre-tensioners and load limiters

Child Anchors:

LATCH (Lower Anchors and Tethers for Children) system

💡 Technology Features

Infotainment

Head Unit Options:

Various audio systems available, including single-CD, MP3, SiriusXM Satellite Radio, Bluetooth hands-free phone and audio streaming, USB port, and auxiliary input jack.

Navigation System:

Optional in-dash GPS navigation system available on higher trims.

Driver Assistance

Backup Camera:

Optional rearview camera system for improved visibility.

Keyless Entry Start:

Available Keyless Access System with Push Button Start.

Connectivity

Bluetooth:

Standard Bluetooth connectivity for hands-free calling and audio streaming on most trims.

Usb Aux:

USB port and auxiliary audio input for connecting portable media players.

🔧 Maintenance

Service Intervals

Oil Change Interval:

Every 3,750 miles (severe conditions) or 7,500 miles (normal conditions) with synthetic oil, or as per owner's manual recommendations (typically 6 months or 7,500 miles).

Air Filter Replacement:

Every 15,000 miles or as needed based on driving conditions.

Cabin Air Filter Replacement:

Every 15,000-30,000 miles or annually.

Spark Plug Replacement 2.5I Na:

Every 60,000 miles (Iridium spark plugs).

Spark Plug Replacement 2.5Gt Turbo:

Every 30,000 miles (Iridium spark plugs, specific heat range recommended).

Transmission Fluid Cvtf Change:

Every 30,000 miles for CVT, Manual transmission fluid change every 45,000-60,000 miles.

Coolant Replacement:

Every 30,000 miles or 2 years for Subaru Super Coolant (or as per manual).

Brake Fluid Replacement:

Every 30,000 miles or 2 years.

Fluid Specifications

Engine Oil 2.5I Na:

SAE 0W-20 Synthetic (API SN or newer, ILSAC GF-5 or newer)

Engine Oil 2.5Gt Turbo:

SAE 5W-30 Synthetic (API SN or newer, ILSAC GF-5 or newer), or as recommended for turbo applications.

Engine Oil 3.6R:

SAE 0W-20 Synthetic (API SN or newer, ILSAC GF-5 or newer)

Engine Coolant:

Subaru Super Coolant (Blue) or equivalent P-HOAT coolant.

Brake Fluid:

DOT 3 or DOT 4

Known Issues

Head Gasket Leaks:

While less prevalent than in earlier generations, some EJ-series engines can develop head gasket issues over time. The manual will detail inspection and replacement procedures.

Cvt Longevity:

Proper maintenance of the CVT fluid is crucial for its longevity. The manual outlines correct procedures and fluid types.

Oil Consumption:

Some EJ engines can be prone to oil consumption. Regular checks are advised, and the manual covers diagnostic steps.

Turbo Component Wear:

For the 2.5GT, turbocharger health is critical. The manual covers diagnosis and replacement of turbo components and related lubrication systems.

📚 Vehicle History

Brand Heritage

Subaru Heritage:

Subaru (Fuji Heavy Industries) has a long history of producing aircraft and automotive vehicles, known for its engineering prowess, especially with AWD and horizontally opposed engines.

Model Evolution

Legacy Introduction:

The Subaru Legacy was first introduced in 1989 as a replacement for the Subaru Leone.

Fifth Generation Debut:

The fifth generation (BM/BR) debuted for the 2010 model year, with the 2012 model representing a refinement of this generation.

Design Philosophy:

This generation saw a shift towards a more conventional, larger, and refined design compared to previous generations, while retaining core Subaru values.

Production

Manufacturing Location:

Mainly produced at Subaru's Gunma Manufacturing Plant in Japan.

🏆 Awards & Recognition

Recognitions

IIHS Top Safety Pick:

The 2012 Subaru Legacy consistently received the IIHS Top Safety Pick award, highlighting its strong safety performance.

Consumer Reports Ratings:

Generally received good ratings from automotive publications like Consumer Reports for ride quality, AWD capability, and safety, though reliability scores could vary by powertrain.

Certifications

Emissions Standards:

Meets EPA and CARB emissions standards for the respective regions.