🏷️ Basic Information Identification Make: Yamaha Model: XS650 Special Model Variant: XS650H, XS650SH Year: 1981 Codes Chassis Code H: XS650H Chassis Code Sh: XS650SH 👋 Introduction Market Position Description: The Yamaha XS650 series, particularly the Special models, were popular Japanese custom-style motorcycles of their era, known for their torquey parallel-twin engines and classic styling, appealing to riders seeking a more relaxed cruising experience or a platform for customization. Competitive Analysis Competitors: Competed with other Japanese cruisers and standard motorcycles of the late 70s and early 80s, as well as American V-twin offerings. Its parallel-twin configuration offered a distinct character compared to the V-twins. Key Features Features: Iconic parallel-twin engine, distinctive styling, robust construction, and a strong aftermarket support base contributing to its custom potential. 📋 Manual Details Coverage Areas Primary Coverage: Repair and overhaul of Yamaha XS650H and XS650SH models Page Count Page Count: 212 Manual Type Manual Type: Workshop Repair Service Manual Language Language: English Format Format: PDF Download 📖 Manual Coverage Systems Covered Engine: Complete engine assembly, disassembly, tuning, and troubleshooting Fuel System: Carburetor adjustment, cleaning, and repair; fuel tank, lines, and petcock service Ignition System: Ignition timing, coil testing, spark plug service, and points adjustment Transmission Drivetrain: Clutch operation, gearbox disassembly and assembly, final drive maintenance Electrical System: Wiring diagrams, lighting system, battery charging, starter motor, and instrument panel service Brakes: Front and rear brake system maintenance, adjustment, and component replacement Suspension Steering: Front fork service, rear shock absorber maintenance, steering head bearing adjustment Wheels Tires: Wheel bearing maintenance, tire replacement, and spoke tensioning Frame Bodywork: Frame inspection, seat and tank removal/installation, minor bodywork adjustments Procedures Included Routine Maintenance: Oil changes, filter replacement, lubrication points, chain adjustment Troubleshooting: Diagnostic charts for common problems and their solutions Component Overhaul: Detailed instructions for rebuilding major components like the engine and transmission Adjustments: Carburetor synchronization, ignition timing, clutch cable, brake levers Torque Specifications: Essential torque values for critical fasteners Technical Depth Depth: Comprehensive, covering from basic maintenance to complete engine rebuilds and advanced diagnostics 📊 Manual Specifications File Format File Format: PDF Print Quality Print Quality Description: High-resolution scans suitable for digital viewing and printing Binding Type Binding Type: N/A (Digital Download) Paper Type Paper Type: N/A (Digital Download) Searchability Searchability: Likely text-searchable PDF (depending on original scan quality) ⚙️ Engine Specifications Primary Engine Engine Type: Air-cooled, four-stroke, SOHC, parallel-twin Displacement: 653 cc (39.8 cu in) Bore X Stroke: 75 mm x 74 mm (2.95 in x 2.91 in) Compression Ratio: 8.4:1 Valve Arrangement: SOHC, 2 valves per cylinder Performance Horsepower Approx: 53 hp @ 6,500 rpm (est.) Torque Approx: 52 lb-ft @ 5,000 rpm (est.) Fuel System Carburetor Type: Dual Mikuni VM34SS Fuel Capacity: 13.0 L (3.4 US gal) Ignition System Ignition Type: CDI (Capacitor Discharge Ignition) with dual spark plugs per cylinder Lubrication Oil Capacity With Filter: Approx. 2.5 L (2.6 US qt) Recommended Oil Viscosity: 10W-40 or 20W-50 (refer to manual for specific climate recommendations) Engine Mounts Engine Mounting: Rubber-mounted for vibration isolation 🔧 Transmission Standard Transmission Type: 5-speed constant mesh Clutch Type: Wet, multi-plate Final Drive: Chain drive Features Gear Ratios: Specific ratios detailed within the manual Transmission Oil Type: Yamalube 20W-40 or equivalent motorcycle-specific transmission oil 📐 Dimensions Exterior Length: Approx. 2220 mm (87.4 in) Width: Approx. 830 mm (32.7 in) Height: Approx. 1160 mm (45.7 in) Wheelbase: Approx. 1460 mm (57.5 in) Weights Dry Weight: Approx. 193 kg (425 lbs) Wet Weight: Approx. 208 kg (458 lbs) (est.) Cargo Cargo Capacity: N/A (Motorcycle) 🛡️ Safety Features Ratings Safety Ratings: Not applicable in modern automotive crash test rating systems Active Features Brakes Front: Single Disc Brake Brakes Rear: Drum Brake Passive Features Lighting: Headlight, taillight, brake light, turn signals Instrumentation: Speedometer, tachometer, neutral indicator, high beam indicator, turn signal indicators 💡 Technology Features Infotainment Infotainment System: N/A (Analog instrumentation) Driver Assistance Driver Assistance Features: N/A Connectivity Connectivity Options: N/A Engine Management Engine Management System: Mechanical carburetor and CDI ignition, requiring manual tuning and adjustment. 🔧 Maintenance Service Intervals Oil Change Interval: Every 3,000 km (1,800 miles) or 6 months (refer to manual for precise recommendations) Air Filter Cleaning: As needed, or every 6,000 km (3,600 miles) Spark Plug Replacement: Every 12,000 km (7,200 miles) or as per inspection Valve Clearance Check: Every 6,000 km (3,600 miles) Clutch Adjustment: As needed Chain Lubrication Adjustment: Every 1,000 km (600 miles) or after washing/rain Fluid Specifications Engine Oil Type: API SE, SF or SG classified, SAE 10W-40 or 20W-50 motorcycle oil Brake Fluid Type: DOT 3 or DOT 4 (for disc brake system) Known Issues Common Wear Items: Cam chain wear, output shaft seal leaks, carburetors requiring synchronization, charging system components (rectifier/regulator), and valve guide wear over high mileage. Typical Repairs: Piston ring replacement, top-end rebuilds, clutch adjustments and replacements, carburetor rebuilds. 📚 Vehicle History Brand Heritage Yamaha...