🏷️ Basic Information Identification Make: BMW Model: 8 Series (E31) Year: 1998 Codes Chassis Code: E31 👋 Introduction Market Position Positioning: Premium grand tourer, positioned at the pinnacle of BMW's luxury coupe offerings for its era. Competitive Analysis Competitors: Mercedes-Benz SEC/CL-Class, Jaguar XJ-S, Aston Martin DB7. Key Features Unique Selling Points: Sophisticated engineering, powerful V8/V12 engines, advanced (for its time) technology, luxurious interior, distinctive wedge-shaped design, and engaging driving dynamics. 📋 Manual Details Coverage Areas Primary Coverage: 1998 BMW 8 Series E31 models Model Variants Covered: All E31 body styles and engine configurations available for the 1998 model year. Page Count Estimated Page Count: Extensive, as indicated by 'ALL MODELS & ALL REPAIRS A-Z'. Manual Type Type: Factory Service and Repair Manual Language Language: English Format Format: Digital PDF 📖 Manual Coverage Systems Covered Powertrain: Engine (maintenance, diagnosis, repair), Control System (engine management), Fuel Service Specifications, Emission Control, Intake/Exhaust/Cooling, Lube, Ignition, Starting/Charging, Automatic Transmission, Manual Transmission, Transfer Case, Propeller Shaft, Drive Shaft, Differential, Axle. Chassis & Suspension: Suspension (front and rear), Tire & Wheel, Brake Control, Brake Systems (hydraulic, ABS), Parking Brake, Steering Column, Power Steering. Electrical & Electronics: Electrical systems, Multiplex/CAN Communication, Air Conditioning, Supplemental Restraint System (SRS), Seat Belts, Engine Immobilizer, Cruise Control, Wiper & Washer, Door Locks, Meter/Audio/Visual systems, Horn, Windshield/Glass/Mirrors, Instrument Panel, Body Control Modules. Body & Interior: Engine Hood/Doors, Exterior & Interior components, Seats, Instrument Panel, Windshield/Glass/Mirror, Wiper & Washer, Door Lock systems. Procedures Included Repair & Maintenance: Complete step-by-step instructions for maintenance, diagnosis, and repair of all vehicle systems. Includes routine maintenance schedules, component replacement, and troubleshooting guides. Diagnostics: Detailed diagnostic procedures, including fault code interpretation and troubleshooting trees, specific to E31 systems. Wiring Schematics: Comprehensive electrical wiring diagrams and schematics for all vehicle systems, crucial for diagnosing electrical faults. Technical Depth Depth: Factory-level technical detail, equivalent to what dealership technicians use. Covers from basic fluid changes to complex electronic diagnostics and major component overhauls. Diagnostic Tools: While not explicitly stated, a factory manual of this caliber would implicitly cover procedures and data relevant to BMW's diagnostic tools of the era (e.g., GT1, DIS). 📊 Manual Specifications File Format Format: PDF Searchability: Likely searchable text due to PDF format, enhancing ease of use. Print Quality Printability: Fully printable, allowing users to print specific pages or entire sections. Image Scaling: Supports blowing up images for enlarged copies and clearer viewing of diagrams. Binding Type Binding: N/A (Digital PDF) Paper Type Paper Type: N/A (Digital PDF, user choice for printing) Compatibility Operating Systems: Windows Vista (32/64-bit), XP, ME, 98, NT, 2000, and macOS. Requirements Software Dependencies: Adobe PDF Reader and WinZip (or similar decompression utility). ⚙️ Engine Specifications Primary Engine Engine Options 1998: Likely primarily the M62B35 (3.5L V8) and M62B44 (4.4L V8) for North American markets. International markets may also feature the M73B5.4 (5.4L V12). Performance Horsepower Approximate: V8 models: ~215-282 hp. V12 models: ~322 hp (figures vary slightly by specific engine variant and market). Torque Approximate: V8 models: ~225-317 lb-ft. V12 models: ~361 lb-ft (figures vary). Fuel System Fuel Injection: Bosch Motronic electronic fuel injection (EFI) with sequential injection for all models. Cooling System Coolant Type: BMW Blue Antifreeze/Coolant (G48 ethylene glycol based). Consult manual for specific BMW part number (e.g., 81 22 9 407 070). Lube Engine Oil Capacity: Approximately 7.5-8.5 liters for V8, 9.5-10.5 liters for V12. Specific capacity depends on engine variant. Manual will specify exact amount. Recommended Oil Viscosity: Likely 5W-30 or 5W-40 synthetic oil, meeting BMW Longlife-98 specification. Manual will list exact BMW approval codes. 🔧 Transmission Standard Transmission Options: Most E31 models, including those from 1998, were equipped with a 5-speed Steptronic automatic transmission (e.g., 5HP30 for V12, 5HP24 for V8). A 6-speed Getrag manual transmission was available on select V8 models (e.g., 840Ci). Optional Optional Transmission: 6-speed manual transmission on certain V8 variants. Features Steptronic Functionality: Allows manual gear selection via the gear lever, providing enhanced driver engagement. Fluid Specifications Automatic Transmission Fluid: BMW ATF LT-3 or equivalent (e.g., Pentosin ATF1). Consult manual for specific BMW part number and approved fluid types. Manual Transmission Fluid: Likely a GL-4 or GL-5 rated gear oil. Manual will specify BMW approved lubricants and viscosity grade. 📐 Dimensions Exterior Length: Approximately 4,780 mm (188.2 in) for 840Ci, 4,785 mm (188.4 in) for 850Ci. Width: Approximately 1,855 mm (73.0 in). Height: Approximately 1,340 mm (52.8 in). Weights Curb Weight Approximate: V8 models: ~1,700-1,800 kg (3,750-3,970 lbs). V12 models: ~1,850-1,950 kg (4,080-4,300 lbs). Gross Vehicle Weight Rating: Refer to vehicle placard or manual for exact GVWR, typically around 2,200-2,350 kg. Cargo Trunk Volume: Approximately 410 liters (14.5 cu ft). 🛡️ Safety Features Ratings Crash Test Data: No official NHTSA or IIHS ratings are readily available for the E31 generation, as testing standards and availability were different in the 1990s. However, BMW vehicles of...