🏷️ Basic Information Identification Make: Subaru Model: Legacy Year: 1999 Codes Chassis Code: BD, BG, BK (Fourth Generation) 👋 Introduction Market Position Segment: Mid-size sedan and wagon, known for its standard All-Wheel Drive system. Competitive Analysis Competitors: Toyota Camry, Honda Accord, Nissan Altima, Ford Taurus, Chevrolet Malibu. Key Features AWD Standard: Standard Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive across all trims, a significant differentiator. Engine Options: Reliable Boxer (flat) engine configurations. Body Styles: Available as a sedan and a wagon (often called the 'Outback' in earlier generations or specific trim levels). 📋 Manual Details Coverage Areas General Coverage: Complete factory service and repair for the 1999 Subaru Legacy. Specific Coverage: Engine, Drivetrain, Suspension, Steering, Brakes, Electrical System, HVAC, Body, Interior, Maintenance, Diagnostics, Troubleshooting, Wiring Diagrams. Page Count Estimated Pages: 1000+ Manual Type Type: Factory Service Manual (FSM) / Repair Manual Language Language: English Format Format: Digital Download (PDF) 📖 Manual Coverage Systems Covered Powertrain: Engine mechanical, engine control system (ECU), fuel system, ignition system, cooling system, exhaust system, automatic transmission (AT), manual transmission (MT), all-wheel drive (AWD) system. Chassis: Suspension (front and rear), steering system, brake system (including ABS if equipped), wheels and tires. Electrical: Body electrical systems, lighting, instruments and gauges, power accessories, audio system, HVAC controls, engine control wiring, chassis control wiring, wiring diagrams for all systems. Body Interior: Body panels, doors, windows, locks, exterior trim, interior trim, seats, safety restraints (airbags, seatbelts). Procedures Included Maintenance: Scheduled maintenance, oil changes, filter replacements, fluid checks and changes, belt replacement, tune-up procedures. Diagnostics Troubleshooting: Fault code diagnosis, symptom-based troubleshooting, electrical circuit diagnosis, engine performance issues, transmission problems. Repair Rebuild: Engine overhaul, transmission overhaul, brake component replacement, suspension component replacement, steering component replacement, electrical component repair, body panel repair. Special Tools: Identification and usage of Subaru-specific tools and equipment. Technical Depth Depth: Comprehensive: Covers routine maintenance, advanced diagnostics, and complete component overhauls, suitable for professional technicians and skilled DIY enthusiasts. 📊 Manual Specifications File Format File Type: PDF Searchability: Searchable text for quick information retrieval. Print Quality Print Readability: High-resolution scans with clear text and legible diagrams, suitable for printing. Binding Type Binding: N/A (Digital Format) Paper Type Paper: N/A (Digital Format) ⚙️ Engine Specifications Primary Engine Engine Code 1: EJ22 (2.2L SOHC) Displacement 1: 2212 cc (2.2 Liters) Horsepower 1: 135 hp @ 5800 rpm Torque 1: 135 lb-ft @ 4400 rpm Configuration 1: Naturally Aspirated Boxer-4 (Flat-4) Fuel Delivery 1: Multi-point Fuel Injection (MPI) Engine Code 2: EJ25D (2.5L DOHC) Displacement 2: 2457 cc (2.5 Liters) Horsepower 2: 165 hp @ 5600 rpm Torque 2: 166 lb-ft @ 4000 rpm Configuration 2: Naturally Aspirated Boxer-4 (Flat-4), DOHC Fuel Delivery 2: Multi-point Fuel Injection (MPI) Performance 0 60 Mph Ej22: Approx. 9.5-10.5 seconds 0 60 Mph Ej25: Approx. 8.0-9.0 seconds Fuel System Fuel Type: Unleaded gasoline (87 octane minimum recommended) Fuel Tank Capacity: 60 liters (15.9 US gallons) 🔧 Transmission Standard Transmission Type Sedan Ej22: 5-speed Manual Transmission (5MT) Transmission Type Sedan Ej25: 4-speed Automatic Transmission (4EAT) Optional Transmission Type Wagon: 5-speed Manual Transmission (5MT) or 4-speed Automatic Transmission (4EAT) Features AWD System: Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive standard with both transmission types. Automatic Transmission Mode: 4EAT features selectable modes (e.g., Power/Economy) and viscous coupling center differential. Fluid Specifications Manual Transmission Fluid: API GL-5, SAE 75W-90 synthetic gear oil (Subaru Genuine Gear Oil recommended). Automatic Transmission Fluid: Subaru ATF-HP (or equivalent Dexron III/Mercon compatible fluid before ATF-HP was standard). 📐 Dimensions Exterior Length Sedan: 4630 mm (182.3 in) Width Sedan: 1730 mm (68.1 in) Height Sedan: 1405 mm (55.3 in) Wheelbase: 2630 mm (103.5 in) Track Width Front: 1475 mm (58.1 in) Track Width Rear: 1470 mm (57.9 in) Weights Curb Weight Ej22 Mt: Approx. 1350 kg (2976 lbs) Curb Weight Ej25 At: Approx. 1420 kg (3131 lbs) Gross Vehicle Weight Rating: Varies by model and configuration, consult manual. 🛡️ Safety Features Ratings NHTSA Frontal Impact Driver: 4 stars (for 1999 Legacy sedan) NHTSA Frontal Impact Passenger: 4 stars (for 1999 Legacy sedan) Active Features ABS: Available (standard on higher trims or optional, depending on market). Traction Control: Not typically available on 1999 models. Passive Features Airbags: Driver and passenger front airbags. Seatbelts: 3-point front and rear seatbelts, front seatbelt pretensioners. Child Seat Anchors: Lower Anchors and Tethers for Children (LATCH) system not standard on this generation. 💡 Technology Features Infotainment Audio System: Factory AM/FM/CD or Cassette player, typically with 4 or 6 speakers. Auxiliary input is not standard. Navigation: No factory navigation system available for this model year. Driver Assistance Cruise Control: Standard on most trims. Anti Lock Brakes: Optional or standard depending on trim level. Connectivity Bluetooth: Not available. Usb Ports: Not available. 🔧 Maintenance Service Intervals Oil Change Interval: Every 7,500 miles (12,000 km) or 6 months, whichever comes first. Use synthetic oil for optimal performance. Air Filter Replacement: Every 15,000 miles...
Suspension (front and rear), steering system, brake system (including ABS if equipped), wheels and tires.
Electrical:
Body electrical systems, lighting, instruments and gauges, power accessories, audio system, HVAC controls, engine control wiring, chassis control wiring, wiring diagrams for all systems.
Identification and usage of Subaru-specific tools and equipment.
Technical Depth
Depth:
Comprehensive: Covers routine maintenance, advanced diagnostics, and complete component overhauls, suitable for professional technicians and skilled DIY enthusiasts.
📊 Manual Specifications
File Format
File Type:
PDF
Searchability:
Searchable text for quick information retrieval.
Print Quality
Print Readability:
High-resolution scans with clear text and legible diagrams, suitable for printing.
Binding Type
Binding:
N/A (Digital Format)
Paper Type
Paper:
N/A (Digital Format)
⚙️ Engine Specifications
Primary Engine
Engine Code 1:
EJ22 (2.2L SOHC)
Displacement 1:
2212 cc (2.2 Liters)
Horsepower 1:
135 hp @ 5800 rpm
Torque 1:
135 lb-ft @ 4400 rpm
Configuration 1:
Naturally Aspirated Boxer-4 (Flat-4)
Fuel Delivery 1:
Multi-point Fuel Injection (MPI)
Engine Code 2:
EJ25D (2.5L DOHC)
Displacement 2:
2457 cc (2.5 Liters)
Horsepower 2:
165 hp @ 5600 rpm
Torque 2:
166 lb-ft @ 4000 rpm
Configuration 2:
Naturally Aspirated Boxer-4 (Flat-4), DOHC
Fuel Delivery 2:
Multi-point Fuel Injection (MPI)
Performance
0 60 Mph Ej22:
Approx. 9.5-10.5 seconds
0 60 Mph Ej25:
Approx. 8.0-9.0 seconds
Fuel System
Fuel Type:
Unleaded gasoline (87 octane minimum recommended)
Fuel Tank Capacity:
60 liters (15.9 US gallons)
🔧 Transmission
Standard
Transmission Type Sedan Ej22:
5-speed Manual Transmission (5MT)
Transmission Type Sedan Ej25:
4-speed Automatic Transmission (4EAT)
Optional
Transmission Type Wagon:
5-speed Manual Transmission (5MT) or 4-speed Automatic Transmission (4EAT)
Features
AWD System:
Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive standard with both transmission types.
Automatic Transmission Mode:
4EAT features selectable modes (e.g., Power/Economy) and viscous coupling center differential.
Subaru ATF-HP (or equivalent Dexron III/Mercon compatible fluid before ATF-HP was standard).
📐 Dimensions
Exterior
Length Sedan:
4630 mm (182.3 in)
Width Sedan:
1730 mm (68.1 in)
Height Sedan:
1405 mm (55.3 in)
Wheelbase:
2630 mm (103.5 in)
Track Width Front:
1475 mm (58.1 in)
Track Width Rear:
1470 mm (57.9 in)
Weights
Curb Weight Ej22 Mt:
Approx. 1350 kg (2976 lbs)
Curb Weight Ej25 At:
Approx. 1420 kg (3131 lbs)
Gross Vehicle Weight Rating:
Varies by model and configuration, consult manual.
🛡️ Safety Features
Ratings
NHTSA Frontal Impact Driver:
4 stars (for 1999 Legacy sedan)
NHTSA Frontal Impact Passenger:
4 stars (for 1999 Legacy sedan)
Active Features
ABS:
Available (standard on higher trims or optional, depending on market).
Traction Control:
Not typically available on 1999 models.
Passive Features
Airbags:
Driver and passenger front airbags.
Seatbelts:
3-point front and rear seatbelts, front seatbelt pretensioners.
Child Seat Anchors:
Lower Anchors and Tethers for Children (LATCH) system not standard on this generation.
💡 Technology Features
Infotainment
Audio System:
Factory AM/FM/CD or Cassette player, typically with 4 or 6 speakers. Auxiliary input is not standard.
Navigation:
No factory navigation system available for this model year.
Driver Assistance
Cruise Control:
Standard on most trims.
Anti Lock Brakes:
Optional or standard depending on trim level.
Connectivity
Bluetooth:
Not available.
Usb Ports:
Not available.
🔧 Maintenance
Service Intervals
Oil Change Interval:
Every 7,500 miles (12,000 km) or 6 months, whichever comes first. Use synthetic oil for optimal performance.
Air Filter Replacement:
Every 15,000 miles (24,000 km) or 12 months.
Coolant Flush:
Every 30,000 miles (48,000 km) or 24 months.
Spark Plug Replacement Ej22:
Every 60,000 miles (96,000 km).
Spark Plug Replacement Ej25D:
Every 30,000 miles (48,000 km) due to the design of the dual overhead cam system and spark plug access.
Timing Belt Replacement:
Every 60,000 miles (96,000 km) or 5 years. Critical for EJ engines; failure causes catastrophic engine damage.
Fluid Specifications
Engine Oil Capacity Ej22:
4.5 U.S. quarts (4.3 liters) with filter change.
Engine Oil Capacity Ej25D:
4.5 U.S. quarts (4.3 liters) with filter change.
Engine Oil Type:
API SJ or higher, SAE 5W-30 recommended for most climates. Check manual for specific viscosity recommendations based on temperature.
Coolant Type:
Subaru Super Coolant (blue) or equivalent ethylene glycol-based coolant with corrosion inhibitors. Mix 50/50 with distilled water.
Known Issues
Head Gaskets:
While less prone than later EJ25D engines (which had issues), early EJ25D engines can still be susceptible to head gasket leaks. Regular cooling system maintenance is key.
Automatic Transmission:
The 4EAT can be robust, but periodic fluid changes are essential to prevent wear and potential solenoid issues.
Suspension Wear:
Bushings and struts can wear over time, leading to noise and poor handling. This manual covers replacement and alignment procedures.
Electrical Connectors:
Corrosion or looseness in electrical connectors can cause intermittent faults, particularly in areas exposed to moisture. The wiring diagrams are crucial for diagnosis.
📚 Vehicle History
Brand Heritage
Subaru Philosophy:
Known for its engineering prowess, particularly with Boxer engines and Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive, often appealing to those valuing capability and reliability in varied conditions.
Model Evolution
Generation:
This manual covers the fourth generation (BD/BG/BK chassis) of the Subaru Legacy, produced from 1993-1999. The 1999 model year represents the later part of this generation, often featuring minor updates.
Distinguishing Features Of Gen:
Introduction of the GT trim with turbocharged engines in some markets, improved safety features, and refined styling compared to the first generation.
Production
Manufacturing Location:
Primarily Gunma, Japan.
🏆 Awards & Recognition
Recognitions
Safety Awards Early Generations:
Previous generations of the Legacy received recognition for safety, contributing to Subaru's reputation, though specific awards for the '99 model are not prominently cited.
Ratings
Car And Driver 10Best:
While not a 10Best winner in 1999, the Legacy consistently ranked well in its class for performance and AWD capability by automotive publications.
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