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CITROEN CX Series 1 Service Repair Manual 1975 ONWARD

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🏷️ Basic Information Identification Make: Citroën Model: CX Series: Series 1 Production Start Year: 1974 Production End Year: 1986 Relevant Model Years: 1975 onward (specifically covering early Series 1 models) Codes Internal Chassis Code: CX (prefaced by various development codes during its lifecycle) 👋 Introduction Market Position Positioning: The Citroën CX was positioned as a luxury executive car, emphasizing advanced technology, comfort, and a unique design. It succeeded the iconic DS. Competitive Analysis Competitors: Competed with other European luxury sedans of its era, such as the Mercedes-Benz W116/W123, BMW E12/E28, and Peugeot 604, often differentiating through its hydropneumatic suspension and avant-garde styling. Key Features Design Philosophy: Aerodynamic, flowing 'fastback' silhouette, signature Citroën interior ergonomics (centered dashboard, single-spoke steering wheel), and the advanced hydropneumatic suspension system providing unparalleled ride comfort. Manual Value Proposition Value: Empowers owners and technicians to perform a wide range of maintenance and repair tasks, preserving the unique driving experience and longevity of the Citroën CX. 📋 Manual Details Coverage Areas Geographic Coverage: Primarily European market, with specifications relevant to global early CX models. Vehicle Variants Covered: Saloon (Berline), Estate (Break/Safari), CX Pallas, CX GTi (early versions) – specific engine variants detailed within. Page Count Estimated Page Count: Extensive (typically over 1000 pages for a complete factory-level workshop manual). Manual Type Type: Factory-type Service and Repair Workshop Manual Language Language: Likely English (common for international market manuals, or translated from French originals). Format Format: Digital Download (PDF) 📖 Manual Coverage Systems Covered Engine Mechanical: Engine overhauls, cylinder head, block, pistons, crankshaft, camshafts, timing, lubrication system, cooling system. Engine Fuel And Emissions: Fuel injection systems (Bosch L-Jetronic, K-Jetronic where applicable), carburetors (Zenith, Solex), ignition system, exhaust system, emission control systems. Transmission: Manual transmissions (4-speed, 5-speed), automatic transmissions (Citroën DG, ZF 3HP12), clutch, driveshafts, differentials. Hydropneumatic Suspension: Detailed explanation of the revolutionary hydropneumatic system, spheres, accumulators, hydraulic fluid (LHM), pumps, height correctors, hydraulic rams, pressure regulation, troubleshooting. Braking System: Hydraulic disc brakes (front and rear), hydraulic power assistance (DIRAVI), brake calipers, master cylinder, brake fluid specifications, bleeding procedures. Steering System: Power steering (DIRAVI variable assist system), steering rack, tie rods, steering column, adjustments. Electrical System: Battery, charging system (alternator), starting system, lighting (headlights, taillights, interior), fuses, relays, wiring diagrams, dashboard instruments, warning lights. Bodywork And Chassis: Body panel repair, door mechanisms, windows, seals, interior trim, dashboard removal, structural integrity. Heating And Ventilation: HVAC system, blower motor, heater core, ventilation controls, demisters. Procedures Included Routine Maintenance: Oil changes, filter replacements, spark plug checks, coolant changes, lubrication points, belt adjustments, brake fluid flushes. Troubleshooting: Diagnostic procedures for common faults across all systems, symptom-based troubleshooting guides. Component Overhaul And Rebuild: Detailed steps for disassembling, inspecting, repairing, and reassembling major components like engines, transmissions, hydraulic pumps, and brake actuators. Adjustment Procedures: Carburetor tuning, ignition timing, idle speed adjustment, valve clearances, suspension height adjustments. Wiring Diagrams: Complete, schematic electrical wiring diagrams for all vehicle circuits, color-coded for easy identification. Technical Depth Depth: Comprehensive, factory-level detail suitable for professional mechanics and experienced DIY enthusiasts. Covers diagnostics, repair, and rebuilds. 📊 Manual Specifications File Format Digital Format: PDF (Portable Document Format) Print Quality Quality: High-resolution scans of original factory documentation, ensuring clarity of text and diagrams. Binding Type Binding: Not Applicable (Digital Download) Paper Type Paper Type: Not Applicable (Digital Download) Searchability Text Search: Searchable text within the PDF for quick access to specific information. ⚙️ Engine Specifications Primary Engine Engine Type: Inline-4 Cylinder, Petrol Engine Codes: Various, including 'CX 20' (2.0L), 'CX 22' (2.2L), 'CX 24' (2.3L for GTi models). Performance Displacement 20: 1981 cc Displacement 22: 2175 cc Displacement 24 Gti: 2377 cc Horsepower 20: Approx. 102-112 hp (depending on market and fuel system) Horsepower 22: Approx. 115-122 hp Horsepower 24 Gti: Approx. 128-136 hp (with fuel injection) Torque 20: Approx. 160 Nm Torque 22: Approx. 175 Nm Torque 24 Gti: Approx. 190-200 Nm Fuel System Carbureted Models: Zenith 36/36 or Solex twin-choke carburetors (e.g., CX 20, CX 22). Fuel Injected Models: Bosch L-Jetronic or K-Jetronic mechanical fuel injection (e.g., early CX 24 GTi). Engine Design Engine Layout: Front-mounted, transverse Valve Gear: Overhead camshaft (OHC) 🔧 Transmission Standard Transmission Type: Manual gearbox (4-speed or 5-speed). Optional Transmission Type: Automatic transmission (Citroën DG - self-shifting gearbox, or ZF 3HP12). Features Clutch: Hydraulically operated single-plate dry clutch. Gear Ratios: Specific ratios for each gearbox variant (detailed in manual). Transmission Fluid Spec: GL-4 rated gear oil for manual transmissions; ATF Dexron II or equivalent for automatic transmissions (specific viscosity grades provided). 📐 Dimensions Exterior Length Berline: Approx. 4.64 meters (Saloon) Length Safari: Approx. 4.83 meters (Estate) Width: Approx. 1.77 meters Height Unladen: Approx. 1.37 meters (Saloon, normal ride height) Wheelbase: Approx. 2.91 meters Track Front: Approx. 1.50 meters Track Rear: Approx. 1.30 meters Cargo Luggage Capacity Berline: Generous for its class, especially with rear seats folded. Luggage Capacity...
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CITROEN CX Series 1 Service Repair Manual 1975 ONWARD
🏷️ Basic Information
Identification
Make:
Citroën
Model:
CX
Series:
Series 1
Production Start Year:
1974
Production End Year:
1986
Relevant Model Years:
1975 onward (specifically covering early Series 1 models)
Codes
Internal Chassis Code:
CX (prefaced by various development codes during its lifecycle)
👋 Introduction
Market Position
Positioning:
The Citroën CX was positioned as a luxury executive car, emphasizing advanced technology, comfort, and a unique design. It succeeded the iconic DS.
Competitive Analysis
Competitors:
Competed with other European luxury sedans of its era, such as the Mercedes-Benz W116/W123, BMW E12/E28, and Peugeot 604, often differentiating through its hydropneumatic suspension and avant-garde styling.
Key Features
Design Philosophy:
Aerodynamic, flowing 'fastback' silhouette, signature Citroën interior ergonomics (centered dashboard, single-spoke steering wheel), and the advanced hydropneumatic suspension system providing unparalleled ride comfort.
Manual Value Proposition
Value:
Empowers owners and technicians to perform a wide range of maintenance and repair tasks, preserving the unique driving experience and longevity of the Citroën CX.
📋 Manual Details
Coverage Areas
Geographic Coverage:
Primarily European market, with specifications relevant to global early CX models.
Vehicle Variants Covered:
Saloon (Berline), Estate (Break/Safari), CX Pallas, CX GTi (early versions) – specific engine variants detailed within.
Page Count
Estimated Page Count:
Extensive (typically over 1000 pages for a complete factory-level workshop manual).
Manual Type
Type:
Factory-type Service and Repair Workshop Manual
Language
Language:
Likely English (common for international market manuals, or translated from French originals).
Format
Format:
Digital Download (PDF)
📖 Manual Coverage
Systems Covered
Engine Mechanical:
Engine overhauls, cylinder head, block, pistons, crankshaft, camshafts, timing, lubrication system, cooling system.
Engine Fuel And Emissions:
Fuel injection systems (Bosch L-Jetronic, K-Jetronic where applicable), carburetors (Zenith, Solex), ignition system, exhaust system, emission control systems.
Transmission:
Manual transmissions (4-speed, 5-speed), automatic transmissions (Citroën DG, ZF 3HP12), clutch, driveshafts, differentials.
Hydropneumatic Suspension:
Detailed explanation of the revolutionary hydropneumatic system, spheres, accumulators, hydraulic fluid (LHM), pumps, height correctors, hydraulic rams, pressure regulation, troubleshooting.
Braking System:
Hydraulic disc brakes (front and rear), hydraulic power assistance (DIRAVI), brake calipers, master cylinder, brake fluid specifications, bleeding procedures.
Steering System:
Power steering (DIRAVI variable assist system), steering rack, tie rods, steering column, adjustments.
Electrical System:
Battery, charging system (alternator), starting system, lighting (headlights, taillights, interior), fuses, relays, wiring diagrams, dashboard instruments, warning lights.
Bodywork And Chassis:
Body panel repair, door mechanisms, windows, seals, interior trim, dashboard removal, structural integrity.
Heating And Ventilation:
HVAC system, blower motor, heater core, ventilation controls, demisters.
Procedures Included
Routine Maintenance:
Oil changes, filter replacements, spark plug checks, coolant changes, lubrication points, belt adjustments, brake fluid flushes.
Troubleshooting:
Diagnostic procedures for common faults across all systems, symptom-based troubleshooting guides.
Component Overhaul And Rebuild:
Detailed steps for disassembling, inspecting, repairing, and reassembling major components like engines, transmissions, hydraulic pumps, and brake actuators.
Adjustment Procedures:
Carburetor tuning, ignition timing, idle speed adjustment, valve clearances, suspension height adjustments.
Wiring Diagrams:
Complete, schematic electrical wiring diagrams for all vehicle circuits, color-coded for easy identification.
Technical Depth
Depth:
Comprehensive, factory-level detail suitable for professional mechanics and experienced DIY enthusiasts. Covers diagnostics, repair, and rebuilds.
📊 Manual Specifications
File Format
Digital Format:
PDF (Portable Document Format)
Print Quality
Quality:
High-resolution scans of original factory documentation, ensuring clarity of text and diagrams.
Binding Type
Binding:
Not Applicable (Digital Download)
Paper Type
Paper Type:
Not Applicable (Digital Download)
Searchability
Text Search:
Searchable text within the PDF for quick access to specific information.
⚙️ Engine Specifications
Primary Engine
Engine Type:
Inline-4 Cylinder, Petrol
Engine Codes:
Various, including 'CX 20' (2.0L), 'CX 22' (2.2L), 'CX 24' (2.3L for GTi models).
Performance
Displacement 20:
1981 cc
Displacement 22:
2175 cc
Displacement 24 Gti:
2377 cc
Horsepower 20:
Approx. 102-112 hp (depending on market and fuel system)
Horsepower 22:
Approx. 115-122 hp
Horsepower 24 Gti:
Approx. 128-136 hp (with fuel injection)
Torque 20:
Approx. 160 Nm
Torque 22:
Approx. 175 Nm
Torque 24 Gti:
Approx. 190-200 Nm
Fuel System
Carbureted Models:
Zenith 36/36 or Solex twin-choke carburetors (e.g., CX 20, CX 22).
Fuel Injected Models:
Bosch L-Jetronic or K-Jetronic mechanical fuel injection (e.g., early CX 24 GTi).
Engine Design
Engine Layout:
Front-mounted, transverse
Valve Gear:
Overhead camshaft (OHC)
🔧 Transmission
Standard
Transmission Type:
Manual gearbox (4-speed or 5-speed).
Optional
Transmission Type:
Automatic transmission (Citroën DG - self-shifting gearbox, or ZF 3HP12).
Features
Clutch:
Hydraulically operated single-plate dry clutch.
Gear Ratios:
Specific ratios for each gearbox variant (detailed in manual).
Transmission Fluid Spec:
GL-4 rated gear oil for manual transmissions; ATF Dexron II or equivalent for automatic transmissions (specific viscosity grades provided).
📐 Dimensions
Exterior
Length Berline:
Approx. 4.64 meters (Saloon)
Length Safari:
Approx. 4.83 meters (Estate)
Width:
Approx. 1.77 meters
Height Unladen:
Approx. 1.37 meters (Saloon, normal ride height)
Wheelbase:
Approx. 2.91 meters
Track Front:
Approx. 1.50 meters
Track Rear:
Approx. 1.30 meters
Cargo
Luggage Capacity Berline:
Generous for its class, especially with rear seats folded.
Luggage Capacity Safari:
Significantly larger than the saloon, up to 1,880 liters with rear seats folded.
Weights
Curb Weight Approx:
1300 - 1500 kg (depending on variant and equipment)
Gross Vehicle Weight Rating:
Varies by model, typically around 1800-2000 kg.
Wheel Bolt Pattern:
4 x 140mm
Tire Sizes:
Common sizes include 185 HR 14, 195/65 HR 15, and 205/60 VR 15 for GTi models (specific sizes for each model/wheel option).
🛡️ Safety Features
Ratings
Crash Testing:
While formal Euro NCAP ratings were not prevalent in its production era, its robust structure and unique safety features were highly regarded.
Active Features
Braking Assistance:
DIRAVI (Direction Assistée à Rappel asservi) progressive power steering and potent hydropneumatic-assisted braking system.
Suspension Stability:
Self-leveling hydropneumatic suspension contributes to excellent stability and ride control under various load conditions.
Passive Features
Seat Belts:
Standard front seat belts, with optional rear belts fitted depending on market and year.
Body Structure:
Designed with a strong safety cage and deformable crumple zones.
Lighting:
Aerodynamic headlight design, often with large driving or fog lights integrated into the bumper or bodywork.
💡 Technology Features
Infotainment
Radio Options:
Original factory fitted radios (e.g., Philips, Blaupunkt) were common options, often with basic AM/FM reception.
Dashboard Design:
Distinctive 'spaceship' style dashboard with centrally mounted instruments and a single-spoke steering wheel, designed for ergonomic efficiency.
Driver Assistance
Power Steering System:
DIRAVI (Direction Assistée à Rappel asservi) - a speed-sensitive hydraulic power steering system offering lighter steering at low speeds and increased resistance at high speeds.
Suspension System:
Hydropneumatic suspension with automatic self-leveling and variable ride height control, providing exceptional ride comfort and handling.
Connectivity
Connectivity Features:
Limited by modern standards; primarily focused on mechanical and electrical systems, not telematics or advanced communication.
🔧 Maintenance
Service Intervals
Oil Change Interval:
Typically every 5,000 - 7,500 km or 6 months, depending on driving conditions (refer to manual for specific intervals).
Filter Replacement Interval:
Oil filter at every oil change; air filter and fuel filter typically every 15,000 - 20,000 km.
Hydropneumatic System Maintenance:
Hydraulic fluid (LHM) change and filter replacement recommended every 40,000 - 60,000 km. Sphere regeneration or replacement as needed.
Timing Belt Interval:
For applicable models, usually around 80,000 - 100,000 km (crucial to check and replace preventatively).
Fluid Specifications
Engine Oil Specification:
API SF/SG, ACEA A2/B2 or equivalent. Viscosity grade typically 15W-40 or 20W-50, depending on climate (refer to manual for exact specs).
Coolant Specification:
Ethylene glycol-based antifreeze, typically a 50/50 mix with distilled water. Ensure compatibility with aluminium components.
Hydraulic Fluid Specification:
Citroën LHM (Liquide Hydraulique Minéral), typically green in color. Do NOT use modern LHS or LHM Plus fluids.
Brake Fluid Specification:
DOT 3 or DOT 4 glycol-based brake fluid (for the secondary braking circuit and clutch operation where applicable).
Known Issues
Hydropneumatic System:
Leaking spheres, worn hydraulic pump seals, failing height correctors, and low LHM fluid levels are common wear items.
Electrical Gremlins:
Corroded wiring connectors, failing relays, and dashboard warning light issues can occur with age.
Rust Corrosion:
Common on floor pans, sills, and around wheel arches, especially in areas exposed to salt.
Exhaust Systems:
Corrosion of exhaust pipes and mufflers.
📚 Vehicle History
Brand Heritage
Citroen Innovation:
Citroën's legacy of automotive innovation, exemplified by the DS and SM, paved the way for the CX's advanced engineering and design.
Model Evolution
Predecessor:
The Citroën DS (1955-1975), its iconic predecessor, set high standards for ride comfort and aerodynamic design that the CX aimed to surpass.
Series 1 Development:
The Series 1 encompassed the initial design and most of the early production run, establishing the CX's core technologies and styling.
Series 2 Transition:
Later Series 2 models introduced styling updates and some revised mechanical components, but this manual focuses on the earlier Series 1 characteristics.
Production
Manufacturing Locations:
Primarily manufactured in France (Rennes-sur-Vitre) and later in other Citroën plants.
Production Volume:
Over 1.1 million units produced across all variants worldwide between 1974 and 1991 (this manual covers the early portion).
🏆 Awards & Recognition
Recognitions
Design Awards:
The Citroën CX was renowned for its aerodynamic design and was named 'European Car of the Year' in 1975 (though this award often recognizes the model's debut year).
Technical Innovation:
Widely recognized for its advanced hydropneumatic suspension, which offered a ride quality benchmark for decades.
Automotive Journalism:
Consistently praised by automotive journalists for its comfort, handling, and technological prowess.
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