1997-1998 Subaru Impreza Service/Repair/Workshop Manual

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🏷️ Basic Information Identification Make: Subaru Model: Impreza Year: 1997-1998 Platform: GM/GC/GF Codes Chassis Codes: GC (Coupe), GF (Wagon), GM (Sedan) 👋 Introduction Market Position Segment: Compact sedan, coupe, and wagon; known for its standard AWD and rally heritage Competitive Analysis Competitors: Honda Civic, Toyota Corolla, Mitsubishi Lancer, Ford Focus, Volkswagen Golf Key Features Distinguishing Attributes: Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive as standard, Boxer engine, practical interior space, available turbocharged WRX variant Manual Value Proposition Target Audience: DIY mechanics, independent repair shops, Subaru enthusiasts, owners seeking in-depth technical knowledge 📋 Manual Details Coverage Areas Continents Markets: North America, Europe, Asia, Australia Trim Levels Covered: All, including base, Outback Sport, WRX (where applicable in region) Page Count Estimated Pages: 1500+ Manual Type Type: Factory Service Manual / Workshop Manual Language Language: English Format Format: Digital (PDF) 📖 Manual Coverage Systems Covered Powertrain: Engine mechanical, fuel system, ignition system, lubrication system, cooling system, exhaust system, engine control system (ECU/ECM), turbocharger system (for WRX) Drivetrain: Clutch system, manual transmission, automatic transmission, front differential, rear differential, all-wheel-drive system (VTD/DCCD for specific models) Suspension Steering: Front suspension (struts, control arms, stabilizer bar), rear suspension (multi-link, struts, stabilizer bar), steering system (power steering pump, rack and pinion), wheel alignment Brakes: Front disc brakes, rear disc brakes, parking brake, ABS (Anti-lock Braking System), brake bleeding procedures Electrical: 12V battery system, charging system (alternator), starting system (starter motor), lighting system, instrumentation, power accessories, fuse box diagrams, wiring diagrams, diagnostic connectors (OBD-II) HVAC: Air conditioning system, heater system, ventilation, climate control (manual and automatic, if equipped) Body Interior: Body panels, doors, windows, locks, exterior trim, interior trim, seating, airbags, seat belts, body repair information Procedures Included Maintenance: Oil change, filter replacement, spark plug replacement, coolant flush, brake fluid replacement, transmission fluid change, differential fluid change, belt inspection/replacement, air filter replacement Diagnostics: Troubleshooting guides for common symptoms, diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs), component testing procedures, sensor checks Repair: Engine assembly/disassembly, transmission overhaul, clutch replacement, brake caliper rebuild, suspension component replacement, electrical component repair, radiator replacement, fuel pump replacement Installation: Component installation procedures, accessory installation guidelines Technical Depth Depth: Comprehensive; covers everything from basic maintenance to complete engine and transmission rebuilds, including detailed diagnostics and wiring diagrams 📊 Manual Specifications File Format PDF Features: Searchable text, high-resolution diagrams, bookmark navigation Print Quality Quality: Excellent; optimized for clarity of diagrams and text Binding Type Binding: N/A (Digital PDF) Paper Type Paper Type: N/A (Digital PDF) ⚙️ Engine Specifications Primary Engine Engine Type: Naturally Aspirated Boxer-4 (EJ22, EJ25) Displacement: 2.2L (2211 cc) and 2.5L (2457 cc) Bore X Stroke: EJ22: 92.0 mm x 83.0 mm; EJ25: 99.5 mm x 80.0 mm Compression Ratio: EJ22: 9.5:1; EJ25: 10.0:1 (NA variants) Performance Horsepower Ej22: 135 hp @ 5600 rpm Torque Ej22: 145 lb-ft @ 4000 rpm Horsepower Ej25 Na: 165 hp @ 5600 rpm Torque Ej25 Na: 166 lb-ft @ 4000 rpm Engine Type Wrx: Turbocharged Boxer-4 (EJ20G, EJ205) Displacement Wrx: 2.0L (1994 cc) Horsepower Wrx: 215-230 hp @ 5600-6000 rpm (model dependent) Torque Wrx: 200-240 lb-ft @ 4800-5000 rpm (model dependent) Fuel System Fuel Delivery: Multi-point Fuel Injection (MPI) Fuel Type: Unleaded gasoline (87 octane recommended for NA, 91+ for WRX) Engine Management ECU: Subaru Engine Control Module (ECM) Ignition System: Distributorless Ignition System (DIS) with Coil-on-Plug (COP) or Coil-near-Plug (CNP) Lubrication Oil Capacity: 4.5 - 5.0 US quarts (4.3 - 4.7 liters) with filter, depending on engine Oil Specification: API SJ or higher, SAE 5W-30 synthetic or semi-synthetic recommended Cooling Coolant Capacity: 7.0 - 7.5 US quarts (6.6 - 7.1 liters) Coolant Specification: Subaru Super Coolant (Blue) or equivalent; 50/50 mixture with distilled water 🔧 Transmission Standard Transmission Type AWD: 5-speed Manual Transmission (TY754 / TY856) Transmission Type FWD Option: 4-speed Automatic Transmission (K4A / KM2) Optional Automatic Transmission Availability: Available on many NA models, generally paired with a viscous coupling center differential for AWD Features AWD System: Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive (full-time) with viscous coupling center differential (standard on most models); Driver Controlled Center Differential (DCCD) on some WRX models Fluid Specification Manual Fluid Type Manual: GL-5 Gear Oil (75W-90 recommended) Fluid Capacity Manual Capacity Manual: Approx. 3.4 US quarts (3.2 liters) Fluid Specification Automatic Fluid Type Automatic: Subaru ATF-HP or equivalent Dexron III/Mercon Fluid Capacity Automatic Capacity Automatic: Approx. 4.5 US quarts (4.3 liters) for torque converter drain/fill Differential Fluid Fluid Type Front Rear: GL-5 Gear Oil (75W-90 recommended) 📐 Dimensions Exterior Length: Sedan: ~4415 mm (173.8 in); Wagon: ~4350 mm (171.3 in) Width: ~1690 mm (66.5 in) Height: Sedan: ~1405 mm (55.3 in); Wagon: ~1420 mm (55.9 in) Wheelbase: ~2510 mm (98.8 in) Ground Clearance: ~150 mm (5.9 in) for standard models Weights Curb Weight: 1250 - 1450 kg (2756 - 3197 lbs), depending on body style and equipment Gross Vehicle Weight Rating: Approx. 1700-1800 kg (3748-3968 lbs) Cargo Trunk Volume Sedan: Approx. 0.37...

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Tags: 1997 1998 Car Cars Impreza Subaru

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Description

🏷️ Basic Information

Identification

Make:

Subaru

Model:

Impreza

Year:

1997-1998

Platform:

GM/GC/GF

Codes

Chassis Codes:

GC (Coupe), GF (Wagon), GM (Sedan)

👋 Introduction

Market Position

Segment:

Compact sedan, coupe, and wagon; known for its standard AWD and rally heritage

Competitive Analysis

Competitors:

Honda Civic, Toyota Corolla, Mitsubishi Lancer, Ford Focus, Volkswagen Golf

Key Features

Distinguishing Attributes:

Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive as standard, Boxer engine, practical interior space, available turbocharged WRX variant

Manual Value Proposition

Target Audience:

DIY mechanics, independent repair shops, Subaru enthusiasts, owners seeking in-depth technical knowledge

📋 Manual Details

Coverage Areas

Continents Markets:

North America, Europe, Asia, Australia

Trim Levels Covered:

All, including base, Outback Sport, WRX (where applicable in region)

Page Count

Estimated Pages:

1500+

Manual Type

Type:

Factory Service Manual / Workshop Manual

Language

Language:

English

Format

Format:

Digital (PDF)

📖 Manual Coverage

Systems Covered

Powertrain:

Engine mechanical, fuel system, ignition system, lubrication system, cooling system, exhaust system, engine control system (ECU/ECM), turbocharger system (for WRX)

Drivetrain:

Clutch system, manual transmission, automatic transmission, front differential, rear differential, all-wheel-drive system (VTD/DCCD for specific models)

Suspension Steering:

Front suspension (struts, control arms, stabilizer bar), rear suspension (multi-link, struts, stabilizer bar), steering system (power steering pump, rack and pinion), wheel alignment

Brakes:

Front disc brakes, rear disc brakes, parking brake, ABS (Anti-lock Braking System), brake bleeding procedures

Electrical:

12V battery system, charging system (alternator), starting system (starter motor), lighting system, instrumentation, power accessories, fuse box diagrams, wiring diagrams, diagnostic connectors (OBD-II)

HVAC:

Air conditioning system, heater system, ventilation, climate control (manual and automatic, if equipped)

Body Interior:

Body panels, doors, windows, locks, exterior trim, interior trim, seating, airbags, seat belts, body repair information

Procedures Included

Maintenance:

Oil change, filter replacement, spark plug replacement, coolant flush, brake fluid replacement, transmission fluid change, differential fluid change, belt inspection/replacement, air filter replacement

Diagnostics:

Troubleshooting guides for common symptoms, diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs), component testing procedures, sensor checks

Repair:

Engine assembly/disassembly, transmission overhaul, clutch replacement, brake caliper rebuild, suspension component replacement, electrical component repair, radiator replacement, fuel pump replacement

Installation:

Component installation procedures, accessory installation guidelines

Technical Depth

Depth:

Comprehensive; covers everything from basic maintenance to complete engine and transmission rebuilds, including detailed diagnostics and wiring diagrams

📊 Manual Specifications

File Format

PDF Features:

Searchable text, high-resolution diagrams, bookmark navigation

Print Quality

Quality:

Excellent; optimized for clarity of diagrams and text

Binding Type

Binding:

N/A (Digital PDF)

Paper Type

Paper Type:

N/A (Digital PDF)

⚙️ Engine Specifications

Primary Engine

Engine Type:

Naturally Aspirated Boxer-4 (EJ22, EJ25)

Displacement:

2.2L (2211 cc) and 2.5L (2457 cc)

Bore X Stroke:

EJ22: 92.0 mm x 83.0 mm; EJ25: 99.5 mm x 80.0 mm

Compression Ratio:

EJ22: 9.5:1; EJ25: 10.0:1 (NA variants)

Performance

Horsepower Ej22:

135 hp @ 5600 rpm

Torque Ej22:

145 lb-ft @ 4000 rpm

Horsepower Ej25 Na:

165 hp @ 5600 rpm

Torque Ej25 Na:

166 lb-ft @ 4000 rpm

Engine Type Wrx:

Turbocharged Boxer-4 (EJ20G, EJ205)

Displacement Wrx:

2.0L (1994 cc)

Horsepower Wrx:

215-230 hp @ 5600-6000 rpm (model dependent)

Torque Wrx:

200-240 lb-ft @ 4800-5000 rpm (model dependent)

Fuel System

Fuel Delivery:

Multi-point Fuel Injection (MPI)

Fuel Type:

Unleaded gasoline (87 octane recommended for NA, 91+ for WRX)

Engine Management

Subaru Engine Control Module (ECM)

Ignition System:

Distributorless Ignition System (DIS) with Coil-on-Plug (COP) or Coil-near-Plug (CNP)

Lubrication

Oil Capacity:

4.5 - 5.0 US quarts (4.3 - 4.7 liters) with filter, depending on engine

Oil Specification:

API SJ or higher, SAE 5W-30 synthetic or semi-synthetic recommended

Cooling

Coolant Capacity:

7.0 - 7.5 US quarts (6.6 - 7.1 liters)

Coolant Specification:

Subaru Super Coolant (Blue) or equivalent; 50/50 mixture with distilled water

🔧 Transmission

Standard

Transmission Type AWD:

5-speed Manual Transmission (TY754 / TY856)

Transmission Type FWD Option:

4-speed Automatic Transmission (K4A / KM2)

Optional

Automatic Transmission Availability:

Available on many NA models, generally paired with a viscous coupling center differential for AWD

Features

AWD System:

Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive (full-time) with viscous coupling center differential (standard on most models); Driver Controlled Center Differential (DCCD) on some WRX models

Fluid Specification Manual

Fluid Type Manual:

GL-5 Gear Oil (75W-90 recommended)

Fluid Capacity Manual

Capacity Manual:

Approx. 3.4 US quarts (3.2 liters)

Fluid Specification Automatic

Fluid Type Automatic:

Subaru ATF-HP or equivalent Dexron III/Mercon

Fluid Capacity Automatic

Capacity Automatic:

Approx. 4.5 US quarts (4.3 liters) for torque converter drain/fill

Differential Fluid

Fluid Type Front Rear:

GL-5 Gear Oil (75W-90 recommended)

📐 Dimensions

Exterior

Length:

Sedan: ~4415 mm (173.8 in); Wagon: ~4350 mm (171.3 in)

Width:

~1690 mm (66.5 in)

Height:

Sedan: ~1405 mm (55.3 in); Wagon: ~1420 mm (55.9 in)

Wheelbase:

~2510 mm (98.8 in)

Ground Clearance:

~150 mm (5.9 in) for standard models

Weights

Curb Weight:

1250 - 1450 kg (2756 - 3197 lbs), depending on body style and equipment

Gross Vehicle Weight Rating:

Approx. 1700-1800 kg (3748-3968 lbs)

Cargo

Trunk Volume Sedan:

Approx. 0.37 m³ (13.0 cu ft)

Cargo Volume Wagon:

Approx. 0.84 m³ (29.7 cu ft) behind rear seats

🛡️ Safety Features

Ratings

NHTSA Front Crash Test:

4/5 stars (driver/passenger) (when equipped with dual airbags)

IIHS Side Impact:

Good (when equipped with side airbags, though not common for this year)

Active Features

Available on most models, standard on WRX and higher trims

Traction Control:

Rarely equipped on NA models, available on select WRX variants

Passive Features

Airbags:

Driver and front passenger airbags standard on most models

Seat Belts:

3-point front and rear seat belts

Child Seat Anchors:

LATCH system not standard, ISOFIX anchors may be present in some markets

💡 Technology Features

Infotainment

Audio System:

Factory AM/FM/Cassette or CD player, 4-6 speaker system (depending on trim).

Navigation:

Not available from the factory

Driver Assistance

Cruise Control:

Standard on most models

Climate Control:

Manual HVAC system standard; automatic climate control available on higher trims

Connectivity

Bluetooth:

Not available from the factory

Usb Ports:

Not available from the factory

🔧 Maintenance

Service Intervals

Oil Change Interval:

Every 3,750 miles (6,000 km) or 6 months, whichever comes first (severe duty) or 7,500 miles (12,000 km) / 12 months (normal duty)

Engine Air Filter:

Inspect every 15,000 miles (24,000 km), replace as needed or every 30,000 miles (48,000 km)

Cabin Air Filter:

Not typically equipped on this generation

Spark Plugs:

Replace every 60,000 miles (96,000 km) for NGK Iridium plugs (OEM) or copper plugs as per manual.

Timing Belt:

Replace every 90,000 miles (144,000 km) or 108 months, whichever comes first. Critical component.

Coolant Replacement:

Flush and replace every 30,000 miles (48,000 km) or 24 months

Brake Fluid Replacement:

Every 30,000 miles (48,000 km) or 24 months

Fluid Specifications

Power Steering Fluid:

ATF Type H or equivalent

Brake Fluid Type:

DOT 3 or DOT 4

Known Issues

Head Gaskets:

EJ25D engines (early phase) are prone to head gasket failure due to coolant passage design. Check for coolant leaks, milky oil, or white exhaust smoke.

Rear Main Seal:

Potential for rear main seal leaks, especially on higher mileage vehicles.

Clutch Wear:

Clutch wear is normal, but frequent hard driving or AWD engagement can accelerate wear.

Oil Leaks:

Valve cover gasket leaks and front crankshaft seal leaks are common.

Radiator Plastic Tanks:

Plastic end tanks on the radiator can become brittle and crack over time, leading to coolant leaks.

📚 Vehicle History

Brand Heritage

Company Origin:

Fuji Heavy Industries Ltd. (now Subaru Corporation), Japan

Motorsport Legacy:

Strong rally heritage, with Impreza WRX and WRX STI achieving significant WRC success

Model Evolution

First Generation Start:

1992 (Japan), 1995 (North America)

Second Generation Start:

Production

Manufacturing Locations:

Japan (Ota, Gunma Prefecture)

Production Years Specific Model:

1997-1998

🏆 Awards & Recognition

Recognitions

Car And Driver તિહાસિક:

Car and Driver's Ten Best list (multiple years for this generation, particularly WRX variants in some markets)

Consumer Reports Reliability:

Mixed reliability ratings, with certain engine variants (EJ25D) noted for head gasket issues. Overall satisfactory.

Certifications

Emissions Certification:

Meets EPA and CARB emissions standards for its model year