Subaru Impreza 1997-2000 Service Repair Workshop Manual

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🏷️ Basic Information Identification Make: Subaru Model: Impreza Codes Chassis Codes: GM/GC/GF Generation Generation: First Generation (GC/GF/GM) Generation Years: 1992-2000 (Japan), 1995-2001 (North America) 👋 Introduction Market Position Vehicle Segment: Compact car / small family car, often positioned with a focus on performance and AWD capability. Brand Identity: Subaru is known for its Boxer engines and Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive systems, appealing to enthusiasts and those seeking all-weather capability. Competitive Analysis Key Competitors Era: Honda Civic, Toyota Corolla, Mitsubishi Lancer, Nissan Sentra, Mazda Protege. Key Features AWD Standard: Standard Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive on most Impreza models, a significant differentiator. Performance Variants: Availability of performance-oriented variants like the WRX (World Rally eXperimental), even if some higher-performance versions came later or were less common in base trims of these years. Engine Layout: Horizontally opposed (Boxer) engine layout contributing to a lower center of gravity. 📋 Manual Details Coverage Areas Vehicle Years Covered: 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000 Page Count Estimated Page Count: 2000+ Manual Type Manual Type: Service Repair Workshop Manual Language Language: English Format Format: Digital (likely PDF, may be available in print) 📖 Manual Coverage Systems Covered Engine Mechanical: Complete engine assembly, cylinder head, block, pistons, crankshaft, camshafts, timing system, lubrication system, cooling system, intake manifold, exhaust manifold. Engine Management: Fuel injection system (EFI), ignition system, emission control systems, engine control unit (ECU) diagnostics and troubleshooting, sensors (oxygen, throttle position, crankshaft, camshaft), actuators. Transmission Manual: Gearbox assembly, clutch system, shift linkages, internal components, repair procedures, fluid specifications. Transmission Automatic: Automatic transmission assembly, torque converter, valve body, hydraulic system, electronic controls, repair procedures, fluid specifications. Drivetrain AWD: Subaru's Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive system, front differential, rear differential, center differential (if applicable), driveshafts, CV joints, coupling unit, lubrication, troubleshooting. Suspension: Front and rear suspension components, struts, shock absorbers, springs, control arms, bushings, sway bars, alignment specifications, troubleshooting. Brakes: Front and rear brake systems (disc brakes), hydraulic system, brake fluid specifications, master cylinder, calipers, pads, rotors, parking brake, ABS system (if equipped), troubleshooting. Steering: Power steering system, steering rack/gearbox, pump, hoses, fluid specifications, steering column, troubleshooting. Electrical System: Battery, charging system (alternator), starting system (starter motor), lighting systems, horn, wipers, power windows, mirrors, fuses, relays, wiring diagrams, troubleshooting. Body And Interior: Body panel removal and installation, door mechanisms, interior trim, seats, dashboard, HVAC system (heating, ventilation, air conditioning) components and service. Procedures Included Routine Maintenance: Oil changes, filter replacements, fluid checks and top-offs, spark plug replacement, air filter replacement, drive belt inspection and replacement. Engine Repair: Head gasket replacement, piston and ring replacement, bearing replacement, valve adjustments, timing belt/chain replacement, complete engine rebuilds. Transmission Service: Clutch replacement, transmission fluid service, seal replacement, internal transmission repair (manual and automatic). Brake Service: Brake pad and rotor replacement, brake caliper service, bleeding brake lines, ABS component replacement and diagnostics. Suspension And Steering Repair: Strut and shock replacement, bushing replacement, tie rod end replacement, power steering pump replacement, steering rack rebuild/replacement. Electrical Diagnostics: Troubleshooting electrical faults using wiring diagrams, component testing, starter and alternator testing, ECU diagnostics. HVAC Service: Refrigerant system service, component replacement (compressor, evaporator, condenser), blower motor replacement, blend door actuator repair. Troubleshooting Guides: Diagnostic flowcharts and symptom-based troubleshooting for common issues. Torque Specifications: Precise torque values for all critical fasteners during assembly and disassembly. Technical Depth Depth Level: Comprehensive; covers everything from basic maintenance to full engine and transmission rebuilds, including detailed electrical diagnostics. Diagnostic Capabilities: Advanced; includes detailed diagnostic procedures, fault codes, sensor data interpretation, and troubleshooting flowcharts. Rebuild Procedures: Full; provides step-by-step instructions for complete disassembly, inspection, repair, and reassembly of major components. 📊 Manual Specifications File Format Digital File Type: PDF (common), DjVu, or proprietary formats possible. Searchable Text: Likely searchable text in PDF format, allowing for quick information retrieval. Print Quality Digital Image Resolution: High resolution for clear diagrams and images. Binding Type Print Binding Type: Spiral-bound or perfect-bound (for physical copies) for lay-flat usability. Paper Type Print Paper Quality: Durable, high-quality paper suitable for workshop environments. ⚙️ Engine Specifications Primary Engine Engine Code Common: EJ22, EJ25 (Naturally Aspirated variants), EJ20 (Turbocharged variants, especially for WRX models). Displacement Na: 2.2 Liters (2200 cc) and 2.5 Liters (2500 cc) Displacement Turbo: 2.0 Liters (2000 cc) for WRX variants. Performance Horsepower Na: Approx. 135-142 hp (EJ22), 165-175 hp (EJ25) Torque Na: Approx. 140-145 lb-ft (EJ22), 165-175 lb-ft (EJ25) Horsepower Turbo: Approx. 217-227 hp (EJ20 Turbo WRX variants) Torque Turbo: Approx. 210-220 lb-ft (EJ20 Turbo WRX variants) Fuel System Fuel Delivery: Multi-point Fuel Injection (MPI) Fuel Type: Unleaded gasoline Ignition Type: Distributorless Ignition System (DIS) with coil-on-plug or coil pack depending on specific engine variant. 🔧 Transmission Standard Transmission Manual: 5-speed manual transmission Optional Transmission Automatic: 4-speed automatic transmission Features AWD Coupling: Active Torque Split AWD (automatic) or Viscous Center Differential (manual) systems depending on transmission and trim. 📐 Dimensions Exterior Length: Approx. 170.9 inches (Sedan),...

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Description

🏷️ Basic Information

Identification

Make:

Subaru

Model:

Impreza

Codes

Chassis Codes:

GM/GC/GF

Generation

Generation:

First Generation (GC/GF/GM)

Generation Years:

1992-2000 (Japan), 1995-2001 (North America)

👋 Introduction

Market Position

Vehicle Segment:

Compact car / small family car, often positioned with a focus on performance and AWD capability.

Brand Identity:

Subaru is known for its Boxer engines and Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive systems, appealing to enthusiasts and those seeking all-weather capability.

Competitive Analysis

Key Competitors Era:

Honda Civic, Toyota Corolla, Mitsubishi Lancer, Nissan Sentra, Mazda Protege.

Key Features

AWD Standard:

Standard Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive on most Impreza models, a significant differentiator.

Performance Variants:

Availability of performance-oriented variants like the WRX (World Rally eXperimental), even if some higher-performance versions came later or were less common in base trims of these years.

Engine Layout:

Horizontally opposed (Boxer) engine layout contributing to a lower center of gravity.

📋 Manual Details

Coverage Areas

Vehicle Years Covered:

1997, 1998, 1999, 2000

Page Count

Estimated Page Count:

2000+

Manual Type

Manual Type:

Service Repair Workshop Manual

Language

Language:

English

Format

Format:

Digital (likely PDF, may be available in print)

📖 Manual Coverage

Systems Covered

Engine Mechanical:

Complete engine assembly, cylinder head, block, pistons, crankshaft, camshafts, timing system, lubrication system, cooling system, intake manifold, exhaust manifold.

Engine Management:

Fuel injection system (EFI), ignition system, emission control systems, engine control unit (ECU) diagnostics and troubleshooting, sensors (oxygen, throttle position, crankshaft, camshaft), actuators.

Transmission Manual:

Gearbox assembly, clutch system, shift linkages, internal components, repair procedures, fluid specifications.

Transmission Automatic:

Automatic transmission assembly, torque converter, valve body, hydraulic system, electronic controls, repair procedures, fluid specifications.

Drivetrain AWD:

Subaru's Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive system, front differential, rear differential, center differential (if applicable), driveshafts, CV joints, coupling unit, lubrication, troubleshooting.

Suspension:

Front and rear suspension components, struts, shock absorbers, springs, control arms, bushings, sway bars, alignment specifications, troubleshooting.

Brakes:

Front and rear brake systems (disc brakes), hydraulic system, brake fluid specifications, master cylinder, calipers, pads, rotors, parking brake, ABS system (if equipped), troubleshooting.

Steering:

Power steering system, steering rack/gearbox, pump, hoses, fluid specifications, steering column, troubleshooting.

Electrical System:

Battery, charging system (alternator), starting system (starter motor), lighting systems, horn, wipers, power windows, mirrors, fuses, relays, wiring diagrams, troubleshooting.

Body And Interior:

Body panel removal and installation, door mechanisms, interior trim, seats, dashboard, HVAC system (heating, ventilation, air conditioning) components and service.

Procedures Included

Routine Maintenance:

Oil changes, filter replacements, fluid checks and top-offs, spark plug replacement, air filter replacement, drive belt inspection and replacement.

Engine Repair:

Head gasket replacement, piston and ring replacement, bearing replacement, valve adjustments, timing belt/chain replacement, complete engine rebuilds.

Transmission Service:

Clutch replacement, transmission fluid service, seal replacement, internal transmission repair (manual and automatic).

Brake Service:

Brake pad and rotor replacement, brake caliper service, bleeding brake lines, ABS component replacement and diagnostics.

Suspension And Steering Repair:

Strut and shock replacement, bushing replacement, tie rod end replacement, power steering pump replacement, steering rack rebuild/replacement.

Electrical Diagnostics:

Troubleshooting electrical faults using wiring diagrams, component testing, starter and alternator testing, ECU diagnostics.

HVAC Service:

Refrigerant system service, component replacement (compressor, evaporator, condenser), blower motor replacement, blend door actuator repair.

Troubleshooting Guides:

Diagnostic flowcharts and symptom-based troubleshooting for common issues.

Torque Specifications:

Precise torque values for all critical fasteners during assembly and disassembly.

Technical Depth

Depth Level:

Comprehensive; covers everything from basic maintenance to full engine and transmission rebuilds, including detailed electrical diagnostics.

Diagnostic Capabilities:

Advanced; includes detailed diagnostic procedures, fault codes, sensor data interpretation, and troubleshooting flowcharts.

Rebuild Procedures:

Full; provides step-by-step instructions for complete disassembly, inspection, repair, and reassembly of major components.

📊 Manual Specifications

File Format

Digital File Type:

PDF (common), DjVu, or proprietary formats possible.

Searchable Text:

Likely searchable text in PDF format, allowing for quick information retrieval.

Print Quality

Digital Image Resolution:

High resolution for clear diagrams and images.

Binding Type

Print Binding Type:

Spiral-bound or perfect-bound (for physical copies) for lay-flat usability.

Paper Type

Print Paper Quality:

Durable, high-quality paper suitable for workshop environments.

⚙️ Engine Specifications

Primary Engine

Engine Code Common:

EJ22, EJ25 (Naturally Aspirated variants), EJ20 (Turbocharged variants, especially for WRX models).

Displacement Na:

2.2 Liters (2200 cc) and 2.5 Liters (2500 cc)

Displacement Turbo:

2.0 Liters (2000 cc) for WRX variants.

Performance

Horsepower Na:

Approx. 135-142 hp (EJ22), 165-175 hp (EJ25)

Torque Na:

Approx. 140-145 lb-ft (EJ22), 165-175 lb-ft (EJ25)

Horsepower Turbo:

Approx. 217-227 hp (EJ20 Turbo WRX variants)

Torque Turbo:

Approx. 210-220 lb-ft (EJ20 Turbo WRX variants)

Fuel System

Fuel Delivery:

Multi-point Fuel Injection (MPI)

Fuel Type:

Unleaded gasoline

Ignition Type:

Distributorless Ignition System (DIS) with coil-on-plug or coil pack depending on specific engine variant.

🔧 Transmission

Standard

Transmission Manual:

5-speed manual transmission

Optional

Transmission Automatic:

4-speed automatic transmission

Features

AWD Coupling:

Active Torque Split AWD (automatic) or Viscous Center Differential (manual) systems depending on transmission and trim.

📐 Dimensions

Exterior

Length:

Approx. 170.9 inches (Sedan), 162.8 inches (Coupe/Sport Wagon)

Width:

Approx. 66.7 inches

Height:

Approx. 55.1 inches (Sedan), 54.7 inches (Coupe), 56.3 inches (Sport Wagon)

Weights

Curb Weight:

Approx. 2700-3000 lbs (varies by trim and drivetrain)

🛡️ Safety Features

Ratings

NHTSA Front Impact:

4-star driver, 4-star passenger (for sedan models)

Active Features

Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) available on most models.

Passive Features

Airbags:

Front airbags standard on most models; side airbags optional on some trims.

Seat Belts:

Three-point seat belts with pre-tensioners.

💡 Technology Features

Infotainment

Head Unit:

Basic AM/FM/CD or Cassette player with optional premium sound systems.

Speakers:

Typically 4-6 speaker configurations.

Driver Assistance

Cruise Control:

Standard on most models.

Traction Control:

Optional on some models, more prevalent in later years of this generation or specific trims.

🔧 Maintenance

Service Intervals

Oil Change Interval:

Every 3,750 miles or 6 months (severe driving), 7,500 miles or 12 months (normal driving) - consult specific manual for exact recommendation.

Timing Belt Replacement:

Approximately every 90,000 to 105,000 miles or 7 years (for EJ25, EJ20 engines) - critical maintenance item.

Fluid Specifications

Engine Oil Type:

SAE 5W-30 or 5W-40, API SG or higher. Consult owner's manual for specific viscosity based on climate.

Engine Oil Capacity:

Approx. 4.5 US quarts (4.3 liters) with filter change.

Coolant Type:

Subaru Super Coolant (blue) or equivalent ethylene glycol-based coolant. Mix 50/50 with distilled water.

Transmission Fluid Manual:

API GL-4 or GL-5 gear oil, SAE 75W-90 (for manual gearbox).

Transmission Fluid Automatic:

Subaru ATF HP or DEXRON-III compatible fluid (for automatic gearbox).

Brake Fluid Type:

DOT 3 or DOT 4 brake fluid.

Known Issues

Head Gasket Failure:

Certain EJ25 engines (particularly earlier Phase 1 SOHC and DOHC) are known for head gasket leaks (internal or external). This manual would detail replacement procedures.

Rear Main Seal Leaks:

Leaking rear main crankshaft seals can occur over time.

Suspension Wear:

Bushings and ball joints can wear, leading to knocking noises and alignment issues.

Automatic Transmission Issues:

Some early automatic transmissions may exhibit hard shifting or delayed engagement if not properly maintained.

📚 Vehicle History

Brand Heritage

Subaru Founding:

Subaru's roots trace back to Fuji Heavy Industries (FHI), founded in 1953.

Model Evolution

Impreza Launch:

The Impreza was introduced globally in 1992 as a replacement for the Subaru Leone.

Gc Gf Gm Chassis:

This generation (GC for coupe/sedan, GF for wagon) was renowned for its rally racing success, particularly with the WRX variants.

Production

Manufacturing Locations:

Primarily manufactured in Japan by Subaru Corporation (formerly Fuji Heavy Industries).

🏆 Awards & Recognition

Recognitions

Car And Driver 10Best:

The Impreza, especially WRX variants, has frequently been recognized by automotive publications for performance and value. (Specific years and trims may vary).

Rally Success:

Subaru Impreza WRX models achieved significant success in the World Rally Championship (WRC) during the late 1990s and early 2000s, bolstering the model's performance image.