🏷️ Basic Information Identification Make: BMW Model: 850i Model Code: E31 Production Years: 1989-1999 Manual Covered Years: 1989, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994 Codes Engine Code: M70B50 👋 Introduction Market Position Positioning: Flagship luxury grand tourer, representing BMW's pinnacle of engineering and design in its era. Competitive Analysis Competitors: Mercedes-Benz SL (R129), Jaguar XJS, Porsche 928, Aston Martin Virage. Key Features Design Philosophy: Aerodynamic styling, long-distance comfort, high-performance V12 engine, advanced technology for the period. Target Audience: Affluent buyers seeking a sophisticated, powerful, and technologically advanced coupe. Manual Value Benefit To Owner: Enables DIY maintenance, diagnosis, and repair, saving costs and ensuring proper upkeep of a complex vehicle. Benefit To Technician: Provides authoritative technical data, procedures, and specifications for professional repair and servicing. 📋 Manual Details Coverage Areas Primary Coverage: BMW 850i (E31) - Specific models and years as indicated. Page Count Total Pages: 981 Manual Type Type: Workshop Service and Repair Manual Language Language: English Format Format: PDF 📖 Manual Coverage Systems Covered Powertrain: Engine mechanical (M70 V12), fuel system, ignition system, exhaust system, engine management (DME). Drivetrain: Transmission (automatic: 4HP-30), clutch (if applicable to specific variants), driveshaft, differential, axles. Chassis: Suspension (front and rear, including self-leveling rear suspension on some models), steering system, braking system (ABS). Electrical: Complete electrical system schematics, battery, alternator, starter, lighting, instrumentation, body electronics, power accessories, diagnostics. Body And Interior: Body panels, doors, hood, trunk, glass, seals, interior trim, seats, HVAC system, convertible top (if applicable to later models). Diagnostics: Fault finding procedures, diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs), specific component testing. Procedures Included Maintenance: Routine servicing, fluid changes, filter replacements, spark plug replacement, belt inspection/replacement. Repair: Engine overhaul, transmission repair, brake caliper rebuild, suspension component replacement, electrical component repair. Troubleshooting: Step-by-step diagnostic trees for common and uncommon issues. Adjustments: Valve adjustments (if applicable), idle speed adjustments, alignment procedures. Disassembly Assembly: Detailed procedures for dismantling and reassembling major components and sub-assemblies. Technical Depth Depth: Comprehensive; covers basic maintenance to advanced engine rebuilds and complex electrical diagnostics. 📊 Manual Specifications File Format File Type: PDF Searchability: Likely text-searchable if originally scanned from a digital source or OCR'd. Print Quality Quality: Variable (dependent on original scan quality), typically suitable for printing. Binding Type Binding: N/A (Digital PDF) Paper Type Paper: N/A (Digital PDF) ⚙️ Engine Specifications Primary Engine Engine Code: M70B50 Engine Type: Naturally Aspirated V12 Displacement: 4988 cc (5.0 Liters) Bore X Stroke: 84.0 mm x 90.0 mm Compression Ratio: 8.8:1 Valve Train: SOHC, 2 valves per cylinder (24 valves total) Performance Horsepower: 295 hp @ 5200 rpm (approx.) Torque: 317 lb-ft @ 3900 rpm (approx.) Fuel System Fuel Delivery: Bosch Motronic DME (Digital Engine Electronics), Multi-point Fuel Injection (MPI). Fuel Type: Premium Unleaded Gasoline (91+ octane) Cooling System Coolant Capacity: Approx. 12.1 liters (12.8 US quarts) Lubrication System Oil Capacity: Approx. 7.5 liters (7.9 US quarts) with filter Recommended Oil Viscosity: SAE 0W-30, 5W-30, 5W-40, 10W-40, 10W-50 (refer to manual for specific conditions) 🔧 Transmission Standard Transmission Type: 4-speed Automatic Transmission Model: ZF 4HP-30 Optional Transmission Type: 6-speed Manual (rarely offered, primarily on earlier models and specific markets) Features Electronic Control: Electronically controlled gear shifts with driver-selectable modes (e.g., Sport, Economy). Fluid Specifications Automatic Transmission Fluid: Dexron III (or equivalent approved fluid) Fluid Capacity Automatic Transmission Fluid Capacity: Approx. 8.5 liters (9.0 US quarts) for full refill 📐 Dimensions Exterior Length: Approx. 4785 mm (188.4 in) Width: Approx. 1855 mm (73.0 in) Height: Approx. 1370 mm (53.9 in) Wheelbase: Approx. 2613 mm (102.9 in) Front Track: Approx. 1500 mm (59.1 in) Rear Track: Approx. 1505 mm (59.3 in) Weights Curb Weight: Approx. 1750 kg (3858 lbs) Gross Vehicle Weight Rating: Approx. 2150 kg (4740 lbs) Wheels Tires Standard Wheel Size: 17 x 8.0 J (front), 17 x 9.0 J (rear) Standard Tire Size: 235/45R17 (front), 255/40R17 (rear) Bolt Pattern: 5 x 120 mm 🛡️ Safety Features Ratings Crash Test Ratings: Vehicle did not undergo modern standardized crash testing (e.g., NHTSA, Euro NCAP) due to its era. Active Features ABS: Standard Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) Traction Control: Optional ASC (Automatic Stability Control) or ASC+T (with Traction Control) on later models. Passive Features Airbags: Driver's airbag standard; passenger airbag optional on some early models, standard on later ones. Seatbelts: Front and rear seatbelts with pre-tensioners. Structural Integrity: Reinforced passenger cell, crumple zones. 💡 Technology Features Infotainment Audio System: Premium sound system (e.g., Blaupunkt or Harman Kardon), often with CD changer capability. Navigation: Optional early GPS navigation system (BMW Professional Navigation). Driver Assistance Cruise Control: Standard electronic cruise control. Parking Sensors: Optional rear parking sensors (Park Distance Control). Connectivity Telematics: Early on-board computer systems providing fuel consumption, range, and trip data. Comfort Features Seats: Power-adjustable front seats with memory function, often with heating and lumbar support. Climate Control: Dual-zone automatic climate control. 🔧 Maintenance Service Intervals Oil Change Interval:...