🏷️ Basic Information Identification Make: Mercedes-Benz Model: S320 Year: 1996 Chassis Code: W140 Body Style: Sedan Codes Engine Code Common: M104.990 👋 Introduction Market Position Vehicle Segment: Full-size Luxury Sedan Brand Prestige: Represents Mercedes-Benz's flagship luxury offering of the era Competitive Analysis Key Competitors: BMW 7 Series, Lexus LS, Audi A8, Jaguar XJ Key Features Engineering Focus: Emphasis on comfort, build quality, advanced technology, and refinement Manual Value Proposition: Provides the authoritative, factory-level information necessary for proper maintenance and repair of a complex luxury vehicle 📋 Manual Details Coverage Areas Coverage Scope: Comprehensive service, repair, maintenance, diagnostics, and troubleshooting Page Count Total Pages: Over 1000 Manual Type Manual Classification: Factory Service Manual / Repair Manual Language Language: English Format Physical Format: Printed Digital Format: PDF (implied, common for digital versions of such manuals) 📖 Manual Coverage Systems Covered Powertrain: Engine mechanical, fuel system, ignition system, cooling system, exhaust system, emissions control Transmission: Automatic transmission (722.6 '5G-Tronic') Chassis: Suspension (front/rear), steering system, braking system (ABS, ESP), drive shafts, axles Electrical: Engine control module (ECM), body control module (BCM), lighting, power accessories, comfort systems, multiplexed systems Body And Interior: Body panels, doors, windows, seats, HVAC, interior trim, sound insulation Diagnostics And Troubleshooting: Fault code retrieval, diagnostic procedures, component testing, electrical troubleshooting charts Procedures Included Maintenance Procedures: Oil change, filter replacement, fluid checks and changes, spark plug replacement, belt inspection/replacement Repair Procedures: Engine overhaul, transmission overhaul, suspension component replacement, brake caliper/rotor replacement, electrical component repair Diagnostic Procedures: Component testing, system checks, symptom-based troubleshooting guides Wiring Schematics: Complete electrical circuit diagrams for all vehicle systems Part Layouts: Exploded views of components and assemblies Technical Depth Depth Of Coverage: Detailed diagnostic procedures, component-level repair, advanced system diagnostics, specifications for all repair operations Torque Specifications: Precise torque values for all fasteners and critical components Special Tools: Identification and usage of Mercedes-Benz specific tools required for repairs 📊 Manual Specifications File Format Digital Searchability: Searchable text (if PDF), indexed sections Print Quality Print Clarity: High-quality reproductions of original factory documentation Binding Type Binding: Professional perfect binding or ring-bound for lay-flat use (typical for workshop manuals) Paper Type Paper Quality: Durable, high-gloss paper suitable for workshop environments ⚙️ Engine Specifications Primary Engine Engine Type: 3.2L Inline-6, DOHC, 24-valve Engine Code: M104.990 Performance Horsepower Approximate: 228 hp @ 5500 rpm Torque Approximate: 232 lb-ft @ 3750 rpm Fuel System Fuel Injection: Bosch Motronic M3.1 (Electronic Fuel Injection and Ignition) Fuel Type: Premium Unleaded Gasoline (91 octane or higher) Engine Mechanical Bore X Stroke: 89.9 mm x 84.0 mm Compression Ratio: 10.0:1 Cooling System Coolant Type: Mercedes-Benz approved coolant (e.g., G48 or equivalent) mixed 50/50 with distilled water 🔧 Transmission Standard Transmission Type: 5-speed Automatic (722.6 '5G-Tronic') Transmission Control: Electronic control with limp-home mode Features Gear Ratios: Specific ratios detailed within the manual (e.g., 1st: 3.93, 2nd: 2.43, 3rd: 1.41, 4th: 1.00, 5th: 0.73) Fluid Requirements Transmission Fluid Type: ATF MB 236.8 (e.g., Mobil ATF 220, Shell Spirax S4 ATF 3403) Transmission Fluid Capacity: Approximately 9.0 liters (including torque converter drain) 📐 Dimensions Exterior Length: ~5150 mm (202.8 in) Width: ~1885 mm (74.2 in) Height: ~1480 mm (58.3 in) Wheelbase: ~3080 mm (121.3 in) Weights Curb Weight: ~1880 kg (4145 lbs) Gross Vehicle Weight Rating Gvwr: ~2450 kg (5401 lbs) 🛡️ Safety Features Ratings Crash Test Data: While official NHTSA ratings for this specific year are scarce, the W140 was designed with significant safety features for its era. Active Features Traction Control: ASR (Anti-Slip Regulation), often a precursor to modern ESP Braking System: ABS (Anti-lock Braking System), Brake Assist (BAS) Passive Features Airbags: Driver and front passenger airbags Seatbelts: Pretensioning front seatbelts Body Construction: High-strength steel safety cage, crumple zones 💡 Technology Features Infotainment Audio System: Factory premium sound system (often Becker or Bose), with CD changer option Navigation: Optional Becker or Bosch navigation system (early generation, often map-based) Driver Assistance Cruise Control: Standard electronic cruise control Parking Assistance: Optional Parking Assist (APS) sensors, front and rear (introduced on later W140 models) Connectivity Telephony: Optional integrated car phone system Comfort Features Climate Control: Dual-zone automatic climate control (THERMOTRONIC) Seating: Electrically adjustable front seats with memory, optional heated and ventilated seats 🔧 Maintenance Service Intervals Oil Change Interval: Typically every 10,000-15,000 km (6,000-9,000 miles) or annually, refer to manual for specific conditions. Transmission Fluid Change Interval: Recommended every 60,000-100,000 km (36,000-60,000 miles), subject to driving conditions. Early 722.6 transmissions had specific initial break-in procedures. Consult manual for exact service A/B schedules. Coolant Flush Interval: Every 2-3 years or 50,000 km (30,000 miles) Fluid Specifications Engine Oil Specification: MB 229.1 or MB 229.3 (e.g., 0W-40, 5W-40, 5W-30 synthetic oil depending on climate) Engine Oil Capacity: Approximately 7.5 liters (7.9 US quarts) with filter change Power Steering Fluid: MB 343.0 or MB 236.3 (e.g., Pentosin CHF 11S or equivalent) Known Issues Common Problems...