Comprehensive, covering basic maintenance to full engine and transmission rebuilds.
Diagnostic Tools:
References to necessary special tools and diagnostic equipment for advanced repairs.
📊 Manual Specifications
File Format
File Type:
Portable Document Format (PDF)
Searchability:
Fully searchable text content for quick information retrieval.
Printability:
Printable pages for use in a workshop environment.
Resolution:
High-resolution images and diagrams.
Print Quality
Image Clarity:
Clear, crisp diagrams and illustrations.
Binding Type
Binding:
N/A (Digital Format)
Paper Type
Paper:
N/A (Digital Format)
Completeness
Coverage Scope:
Complete factory-level service information.
⚙️ Engine Specifications
Primary Engine
Engine Options:
EJ15, EJ18, EJ20, EJ22 (naturally aspirated and turbocharged variants for certain models/markets).
Performance
Ej16 Specs:
1.6L, approx. 95 hp (market dependent)
Ej18 Specs:
1.8L, approx. 110-115 hp
Ej20 Specs:
2.0L, approx. 125-150 hp (NA), 210-250 hp (turbocharged WRX variants)
Ej22 Specs:
2.2L, approx. 135-140 hp
Engine Layout:
Horizontally-opposed (Boxer) 4-cylinder
Fuel System
Fuel Delivery:
Multi-Point Fuel Injection (MPI)
Fuel Type:
Unleaded Gasoline
Engine Oil
Recommended Oil Viscosity:
10W-30 or 5W-30 (check owner's manual for specific climate/engine variants)
Oil Capacity:
Approx. 4.0-4.5 liters (with filter, varies by engine)
Cooling System
Coolant Type:
Ethylene Glycol based (typically Subaru Super Coolant or equivalent green type)
Ignition System
Spark Plugs:
Specific platinum or iridium type recommended (e.g., NGK PFR6E or equivalent).
🔧 Transmission
Standard
Transmission Type:
5-speed Manual Transmission
Optional
Transmission Type:
4-speed Automatic Transmission
Features
Drivetrain:
Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive (AWD) standard on most models, viscous coupling center differential.
Transmission Fluid
Manual Transmission Fluid Spec:
API GL-5, SAE 75W-90 gear oil.
Automatic Transmission Fluid Spec:
Subaru ATF-HP or Dexron III/Mercon equivalent.
📐 Dimensions
Exterior
Body Styles:
2-door Coupe, 4-door Sedan, 5-door Wagon
Wheelbase:
Approx. 2515 mm (99.0 in)
Length:
Approx. 4345-4395 mm (171.1-173.0 in) sedan, 4355-4415 mm (171.5-173.8 in) wagon
Width:
Approx. 1690-1730 mm (66.5-68.1 in)
Height:
Approx. 1425-1485 mm (56.1-58.5 in)
Weights
Curb Weight:
Approx. 1200-1400 kg (2645-3086 lbs) depending on model and trim
Gross Vehicle Weight Rating:
Varies by model, typically around 1700-1800 kg
Wheels Tires
Wheel Bolt Pattern:
5x100mm
Standard Tire Size:
185/70R14, 195/60R15, 205/50R16 (depending on trim)
🛡️ Safety Features
Ratings
NHTSA Crash Test:
IIHS and NHTSA ratings from this era were less standardized. Focus on structural integrity and passive safety features.
Active Features
ABS:
Anti-lock Braking System available on higher trims and later models.
AWD:
Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive contributes to enhanced traction and stability.
Passive Features
Airbags:
Driver and passenger front airbags standard on most models from mid-generation onwards.
Seatbelts:
Three-point seatbelts for all occupants, pre-tensioners for front seats.
Rollover Protection:
Reinforced body structure, particularly in wagon models.
💡 Technology Features
Infotainment
Audio System:
Factory-installed AM/FM stereo with cassette player, optional CD player. Speaker configurations vary by trim level.
Display:
Basic analog gauges, climate control, radio display. No integrated navigation or advanced digital displays.
Driver Assistance
Cruise Control:
Available on most models as an option or standard on higher trims.
Traction Control:
Not typically available on this generation, with AWD serving as the primary stability enhancement.
Connectivity
Phone Integration:
No integrated Bluetooth or smartphone connectivity; aftermarket solutions are required.
🔧 Maintenance
Service Intervals
Oil Change Interval:
Every 7,500 miles or 6 months (whichever comes first) under normal driving conditions; more frequent for severe conditions (check manual).
Engine Air Filter Replacement:
Every 15,000-30,000 miles or as needed.
Cabin Air Filter Replacement:
Not standard on all models of this generation, but recommended if equipped (e.g., every 15,000-30,000 miles).
Spark Plug Replacement:
Every 60,000-100,000 miles, depending on spark plug type.
Timing Belt Replacement:
Crucial: Every 90,000-105,000 miles or 7-10 years, as it's an interference engine. Also recommended to replace water pump and tensioners at the same time.
Transmission Fluid Change Interval Auto:
Every 30,000-60,000 miles or as specified.
Transmission Fluid Change Interval Manual:
Every 60,000-100,000 miles or as specified.
Fluid Specifications
Brake Fluid Type:
DOT 3 or DOT 4
Power Steering Fluid Type:
ATF (Automatic Transmission Fluid) or specific Subaru power steering fluid.
Known Issues
Head Gaskets:
While less prevalent than on later EJ engines (e.g., EJ25), some EJ18 and EJ22 models can experience head gasket leaks, especially if overheated or poorly maintained. The manual details diagnostic and replacement procedures.
Timing Belt Tensioner:
Tensioner failure can occur if not replaced during timing belt service, leading to catastrophic engine damage. The manual covers inspection and replacement.
Clutch Wear:
Normal wear item, but performance variants can see accelerated wear with aggressive driving. Manual details clutch replacement.
Suspension Bushings:
Wear and tear on rubber bushings can lead to clunks and poor handling. Manual provides replacement guides.
Exhaust Rust:
Can be an issue in regions with road salt. Manual covers removal and installation procedures.
📚 Vehicle History
Brand Heritage
Subaru Philosophy:
Known for its engineering prowess, emphasis on AWD, and rally racing heritage.
Model Evolution
First Generation Launch:
Launched globally in 1992, with the first generation (GC/GF/GM) serving as the foundation for Subaru's compact car lineup. Introduced AWD as a signature feature.
Performance Variants:
Introduction of the WRX (World Rally eXperimental) models, particularly in markets outside North America, which became icons of performance and rally sport.
Facelifts:
Received minor cosmetic updates and feature enhancements throughout its production run.
Production
Manufacturing Locations:
Primarily manufactured in Japan (Gunma Prefecture).
Sales Performance:
Established Subaru in the compact segment, building a reputation for reliability and AWD capability, though sales were strong in specific markets known for inclement weather.
🏆 Awards & Recognition
Recognitions
Car And Driver 10Best:
While the first generation Impreza itself wasn't a consistent 10Best winner, Subaru's AWD technology and rally pedigree earned recognition, paving the way for future models.
Rally Success:
The performance variants, particularly the WRX STI, achieved significant success in the World Rally Championship (WRC), greatly enhancing the Impreza's sporty image and desirability.
Ratings
Consumer Reports Reliability:
Reliability ratings varied by model year and engine. The manual helps address common wear items and potential issues to maintain good reliability.
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