🏷️ Basic Information Identification Make: Alfa Romeo Model: 75 Model Variant: Twin Spark S Production Years Covered: 1987, 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991 Codes Chassis Code: Type 162 👋 Introduction Market Position Segment: Compact Executive Sedan / Sports Sedan Brand Philosophy: Known for sporty handling, distinctive Italian design, and enthusiast appeal. Competitive Analysis Competitors: BMW 3 Series (E30), Mercedes-Benz 190E, Audi 80/90, Ford Sierra. Key Features Design: Giugiaro-designed, wedge-shaped styling, distinctive front grille. Powertrain Layout: Rear-wheel drive, often with transaxle gearbox for optimal weight distribution. Engine Technology: Twin Spark ignition system for enhanced combustion efficiency and performance. 📋 Manual Details Coverage Areas Primary Coverage: Complete Service and Repair Procedures Model Scope: All models, engines, trim levels, and transmission types within the specified years Page Count Estimated Page Count: Likely extensive, typically 500-1000+ pages for a complete workshop manual of this era. Manual Type Type: Workshop Service Repair Manual Language Language: Likely English, though original manufacturer manuals may have originated in Italian or other European languages. This product implies an English version. Format Digital Format: Downloadable (PDF) 📖 Manual Coverage Systems Covered Engine Management: Engine overhaul, cylinder head, pistons, crankshaft, camshafts, timing belt replacement, lubrication system, cooling system, fuel injection system (Bosch L-Jetronic/Motronic), ignition system. Drivetrain: Clutch operation and replacement, gearbox overhaul (transaxle), differential service, driveshafts, prop shaft. Suspension Steering: Front and rear suspension systems, shock absorbers, springs, bushings, steering rack, power steering pump and lines. Brakes: Brake system diagnosis, front and rear brake pad/disc replacement, caliper overhaul, master cylinder, brake fluid specifications and bleeding, parking brake system. Electrical System: Wiring diagrams, battery, alternator, starter motor, lighting systems, fuses and relays, dashboard instruments, power windows, central locking, diagnostics. Bodywork Chassis: Body panel repair and replacement, doors, hood, trunk, bumpers, interior trim, corrosion protection. Procedures Included Routine Maintenance: Oil and filter changes, air filter replacement, spark plug replacement, coolant checks, brake fluid checks, lubrication points. Troubleshooting: Diagnostic procedures for common problems, fault finding charts, symptom-based troubleshooting guides. Repair Overhaul: Step-by-step instructions for component disassembly, repair, reassembly, and adjustment. Special Tools: Identification and usage of specific tools required for certain procedures. Technical Depth Depth: Comprehensive from basic maintenance to complete engine and transmission rebuilds, including electrical system diagnostics and bodywork repairs. 📊 Manual Specifications File Format File Type: PDF Print Quality Print Capability: Printable (individual pages or entire document), allowing for physical reference. Binding Type Binding Type: N/A (Downloadable digital product, user prints and binds as desired) Paper Type Paper Type: N/A (Digital product, user prints on their preferred paper) Computer Requirements Required Software: Adobe Reader (or compatible PDF viewer) Device Compatibility: PC, Mac, Tablets, Smartphones ⚙️ Engine Specifications Primary Engine Engine Type: Inline 4-cylinder, DOHC, 2 valves per cylinder per bank (total 8 valves), Twin Spark ignition. Displacement: 1995 cc (2.0 Liters) Bore X Stroke: 83.0 mm x 91.0 mm Compression Ratio: 9.3:1 (approximate) Performance Horsepower: 145-148 PS (143-146 bhp / 107-109 kW) at 5400 rpm (varied slightly by year/market). Torque: 186-189 Nm (137-139 lb-ft) at 4000 rpm (varied slightly by year/market). Fuel System Fuel Delivery: Bosch L-Jetronic or Motronic electronic fuel injection Fuel Type: Unleaded Premium Gasoline (95 RON or higher recommended) Ignition System Ignition Type: Twin Spark (two spark plugs per cylinder) Cooling System Cooling Type: Water-cooled, pressurized system Lubrication System Oil Capacity: Approx. 4.5-5.0 liters with filter change. 🔧 Transmission Standard Transmission Type: 5-speed Manual Transaxle Optional Transmission Type: Optional 4-speed Automatic (less common on Twin Spark 'S' models, but available on other 75 variants). Features Drive Layout: Rear-wheel drive (RWD) Clutch Type: Hydraulically operated single dry plate clutch. Fluid Specifications Gearbox Oil: API GL-4, SAE 75W-90 or 80W-90 gear oil (consult manual for specific recommendations). 📐 Dimensions Exterior Length: Approx. 4445 mm (175 in) Width: Approx. 1680 mm (66.1 in) Height: Approx. 1370 mm (53.9 in) Wheelbase: Approx. 2595 mm (102.2 in) Weights Curb Weight: Approx. 1200-1280 kg (2646-2822 lbs) 🛡️ Safety Features Ratings Crash Safety: Era-appropriate safety standards; no formal modern crash test ratings available (e.g., Euro NCAP). Focus on passive safety features of the time. Active Features Braking System: Front ventilated discs, rear discs. Optional ABS available on some variants. Passive Features Restraints: Seat belts (three-point front, two-point rear or optional three-point). Body Structure: Reinforced chassis and crumple zones designed for the period. 💡 Technology Features Infotainment Audio System: Factory fitted radio/cassette player, potentially with optional amplifier. Speaker configurations varied. Driver Assistance ABS: Optional Anti-lock Braking System on some models. Connectivity Features: Basic for its era, focusing on mechanicals and driving dynamics rather than advanced electronics. 🔧 Maintenance Service Intervals Oil Change Interval: Typically every 10,000-15,000 km or 12 months, whichever comes first (check manual for exact details). Timing Belt Interval: Crucial! Every 50,000-75,000 km or 4-5 years. Failure can cause catastrophic engine damage. Fluid Specifications Coolant Type: Ethylene glycol-based antifreeze, mixed with distilled water (50/50 ratio)....