🏷️ Basic Information Identification Make: BMW Model: 540i Year: 1999 Body Style: Sedan (E39) Generation Generation Designation: E39 Generation Years: 1995-2003 (Global), 1996-2003 (North America) Codes Chassis Code: E39 Engine Code Family: M62/M62TU 👋 Introduction Market Position Segment: Executive Sedan Bmw Positioning: Sports Sedan, Luxury Vehicle Competitive Analysis Key Competitors 1999: Mercedes-Benz E-Class (W210), Audi A6 (C5), Lexus GS300, Jaguar S-Type Key Features Vehicle Highlights: Exceptional driving dynamics, powerful V8 engine, refined interior, advanced technology for its era Manual Value Proposition: Authoritative repair information, essential for maintaining performance and longevity of a luxury vehicle 📋 Manual Details Coverage Areas Coverage Scope: Comprehensive Service and Repair Page Count Estimated Page Count: 1500+ Manual Type Type: Digital Service and Repair Manual Language Language: English Format Format: Software/Digital Download (likely PDF) 📖 Manual Coverage Systems Covered Powertrain: Engine, Fuel System, Exhaust System, Cooling System, Ignition System, Drivetrain, Transmission Chassis: Suspension, Steering, Brakes, Wheels & Tires Electrical: Body Electrical, Engine Electrical, Lighting, Instrument Cluster, Power Accessories, SRS (Airbag) System Body: Bodywork, Interior Trim, Doors, Windows, Seats, Climate Control (HVAC) Procedures Included Maintenance: Oil Change, Filter Replacement, Spark Plug Replacement, Fluid Checks & Top-offs, Belt Inspection & Replacement Repair: Engine Rebuilds, Transmission Overhaul, Brake System Repair, Suspension Component Replacement, Electrical Diagnostics & Repair, HVAC System Repair Diagnostics: Troubleshooting procedures, Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs), Wiring Diagrams, Component Testing Specifications: Torque Specifications, Component Clearances, Fluid Capacities, Electrical Values Technical Depth Depth: Detailed diagnostic procedures, step-by-step repair instructions, complete system overviews, component removal/installation guides Target Audience: Professional Technicians, Experienced DIYers 📊 Manual Specifications File Format File Type: Digital Software (Likely searchable PDF) Print Quality Print Readability: High resolution, suitable for printing individual pages Binding Type Binding: N/A (Digital) Paper Type Paper Quality: N/A (Digital) ⚙️ Engine Specifications Primary Engine Engine Name: M62B44 (TU variant likely for '99) Engine Type: Naturally Aspirated V8 Displacement Liters: 4.4 Displacement Cubic Inches: 268.5 Bore X Stroke Mm: 92.0 x 82.7 Compression Ratio: 10.0:1 Valvetrain: DOHC, 4 valves per cylinder (32 total) Timing System: Dual VANOS (Variable Valve Timing) Performance Horsepower Hp Approx: 282 hp @ 5400 RPM Torque Lb Ft Approx: 324 lb-ft @ 3600 RPM Fuel System Fuel Delivery: Electronic Fuel Injection (EFI) with Sequential Port Injection Fuel Type: Premium Unleaded Gasoline (91 octane or higher recommended) Ignition System: Distributorless Electronic Ignition (DIS) with Coil-on-Plug 🔧 Transmission Standard Transmission Type: 5-Speed Automatic (Steptronic) Transmission Model: GM 5L40-E (for most markets) Optional Manual Transmission: Available (6-speed Getrag 420G) on some models, though less common for 540i in North America Features Steptronic Functionality: Allows manual gear selection Transmission Fluid Type: BMW ATF LT-2 (or equivalent specified in manual) 📐 Dimensions Exterior Length Mm: 4770 Width Mm: 1800 Height Mm: 1435 Wheelbase Mm: 2830 Front Track Mm: 1511 Rear Track Mm: 1533 Weights Curb Weight Kg Approx: 1670 - 1730 (depending on options) Gross Vehicle Weight Rating Kg: Approx. 2160 🛡️ Safety Features Ratings NHTSA Front Impact: 4/5 Stars (Driver), 4/5 Stars (Passenger) - based on available data for similar E39 models Active Features ABS: Standard Anti-lock Braking System Traction Control: Standard (often ASC+T - Automatic Stability Control + Traction) Stability Control: Standard (ASC+T) Passive Features Airbags: Frontal Airbags, Side Airbags (in front seats standard, optional in rear) Seatbelts: 3-point inertia-reel seatbelts with pretensioners and force limiters Chassis Design: Integrated safety cell, crumple zones 💡 Technology Features Infotainment Head Unit Type: BMW Business CD or Professional CD/RDS system Navigation System: Optional MKII or MKIII navigation system with CD-ROM maps Audio System: Standard 6-speaker system, optional Harman Kardon premium audio Driver Assistance Parking Sensors: Optional Park Distance Control (PDC) front and rear Cruise Control: Standard Rain Sensing Wipers: Optional Connectivity Telephone: Optional BMW Integrated Telephone system 🔧 Maintenance Service Intervals Oil Change Interval Km Miles Approx: 15,000 km / 10,000 miles (or as indicated by Condition Based Service - CBS) Spark Plug Replacement Km Miles Approx: 100,000 km / 60,000 miles (for iridium plugs, check manual for exact spec) Coolant Flush Interval Km Miles Approx: 40,000 - 60,000 km / 25,000 - 37,000 miles Brake Fluid Flush Interval Years Approx: 2 years Fluid Specifications Engine Oil Type Viscosity: BMW Longlife-98 (e.g., Castrol EDGE 5W-30 or 5W-40 synthetic) - Consult manual for precise spec Engine Oil Capacity Liters: 6.5 Liters (approx. 6.9 US Quarts) Coolant Type: BMW Blue Antifreeze/Coolant (G48 type, ethylene glycol based) Power Steering Fluid Type: Pentosin CHF 11S or Pentosin CHF 202 Brake Fluid Type: DOT 4 Known Issues Common Engine Issues: Head Gasket Leaks (especially on pre-TU M62), Cooling System Leaks (plastic expansion tank, hoses), VANOS System Issues, Oil Filter Housing Gasket Leaks, Crankcase Vent Valve (CCV) System Clogging. Common Transmission Issues: Mechatronic sleeve leaks, Torque converter seal leaks, Transmission control unit (TCU) issues. Common Chassis Issues: Worn Control Arm Bushings (leading to steering wander), Sagging Headliner, Pixilation of Instrument Cluster LCDs,...