Mazda RX2 RX3 1970-1978 Service Repair Workshop Manual

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This manual covers the Mazda RX-2 (chassis code S102A) and RX-3 (chassis code S124A), produced from 1970 to 1978. These vehicles are distinguished by their innovative Wankel rotary engines, specifically the 12A engine, which offered a unique driving experience characterized by smooth operation and a high power-to-weight ratio. Available in Coupe, Sedan, and Station Wagon body styles, these compact and sporty vehicles competed in a segment that included models from Datsun, Toyota, and Mitsubishi. Mazda's pioneering work with rotary technology established a unique engineering identity for the brand, making these models significant in automotive history and appealing to enthusiasts and restoration specialists. This comprehensive service and repair workshop manual, written in English, provides extensive guidance for maintaining and repairing the Mazda RX-2 and RX-3. It details procedures for engine mechanicals, including the rotary engine's specific components like apex seals, fuel and ignition systems, transmissions, drivetrain, suspension, steering, brakes, and electrical systems. The manual also covers body and chassis work, heating and ventilation, and offers troubleshooting charts, torque specifications, clearances, and detailed wiring diagrams. Essential for owners and technicians, it facilitates routine maintenance, major repairs, and complete overhauls, ensuring the longevity and optimal performance of these classic rotary-powered Mazdas. 🏷️ Basic Information Identification Make: Mazda Model: RX-2 / RX-3 Codes Chassis Codes: S102A (RX-2), S124A (RX-3) Engine Codes: 12A (Rotary) 👋 Introduction Market Position Segment: Compact/Sports Coupe and Sedan Target Audience: Enthusiasts, DIY mechanics, restoration specialists working on classic Mazda rotary vehicles Competitive Analysis Key Competitors Era: Datsun (Nissan) 240Z/260Z, Toyota Corolla Levin/Sprinter Trueno, Mitsubishi Lancer, Ford Escort, Alfa Romeo Alfetta Key Features Rotary Engine Advantage: Smooth operation, high power-to-weight ratio, unique driving experience Design Styling: Distinctive Japanese styling of the era, often praised for its clean lines and sporty proportions Manual Value Proposition: Provides essential technical data for maintaining and repairing these increasingly collectible rotary-powered Mazdas. 📋 Manual Details Coverage Areas Body Styles Covered: Coupe, Sedan, Station Wagon, Rotary Coupe Regions Covered: Likely Global (based on common service manual distribution) Page Count Estimated Page Count: 500+ Manual Type Manual Type: Service and Repair Workshop Manual Language Language: English Format Format: PDF Download 📖 Manual Coverage Systems Covered Engine Mechanical: Rotary engine internals, rotor housing, apex seals, side seals, oil seals, eccentric shaft, lubrication system, cooling system, exhaust system Fuel System: Carburetor(s) (e.g., Hitachi/Aisan), fuel pump, fuel lines, fuel tank, emission control systems (e.g., air injection, EGR - depending on market) Ignition System: Distributor, ignition coil, spark plugs, ignition timing, breaker points/electronic ignition (later models) Transmission Manual: Gearbox assembly, clutch, shift linkages, lubrication, overhaul procedures Transmission Automatic: Automatic gearbox (if applicable), torque converter, hydraulic control, overhaul procedures Drivetrain: Rear axle, differential, driveshafts, wheel bearings, propellor shaft Suspension Front: Independent front suspension (e.g., MacPherson strut or coil spring/wishbone), steering knuckle, control arms, bushings, shock absorbers Suspension Rear: Leaf spring (common on early models) or coil spring live axle, shock absorbers, trailing arms Steering: Steering box/rack and pinion, steering column, tie rods, steering wheel, power steering system (if equipped) Brakes Front: Disc brake system, calipers, pads, rotors, brake lines, master cylinder Brakes Rear: Drum brake system (common) or disc brake system, wheel cylinders, shoes, drums, brake lines, parking brake system Electrical System: Wiring diagrams, battery, alternator/generator, starter motor, lighting system (headlights, taillights, interior), horn, fuses, relays, dashboard instrumentation Body And Chassis: Body panel removal/installation, door mechanisms, window regulators, interior trim, seat adjustment, chassis lubrication, frame specifications Heating And Ventilation: HVAC system components, blower motor, heater core, ducting, controls Procedures Included Preventive Maintenance: Oil changes, filter replacements, spark plug checks, coolant flushes, brake fluid checks, belt adjustments, lubrication points Routine Repairs: Brake pad/shoe replacement, clutch adjustment, carburetor tuning, minor engine tune-ups, light bulb replacement Major Engine Repairs: Engine disassembly and reassembly, apex seal replacement, eccentric shaft bearing replacement, rotor housing lapping/resurfacing (potentially) Transmission Overhaul: Complete gearbox disassembly, inspection, component replacement, and reassembly for both manual and automatic transmissions Suspension And Steering Repair: Bushings replacement, shock absorber replacement, ball joint replacement, tie rod end replacement, steering box adjustment Brake System Repair: Brake caliper rebuild, master cylinder replacement, wheel cylinder replacement, brake line flaring and replacement, bleeding procedures Electrical Troubleshooting: Diagnostic procedures using wiring diagrams, testing of charging system, starting system, lighting circuits, and accessories Bodywork And Interior: Body panel alignment, door lock repair, window mechanism repair, seat and trim component replacement Emission Control System Service: Maintenance and troubleshooting of air injection, EGR, and other emission control devices specific to the model year and market Technical Depth Diagnostic Information: Troubleshooting charts, symptom-based diagnostics, component testing specifications Torque Specifications: Detailed torque values for all critical fasteners across engine, chassis, and drivetrain components Clearances And Tolerances: Precise measurements for engine component assembly (e.g., apex seal clearance, rotor end float), bearing clearances Wiring Diagrams: Comprehensive electrical schematics for all vehicle systems, often color-coded for clarity Special Tools: Identification of...

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Type: Car

Sku: 58197

Collections: ALL Mazda

Availability: In stock

Tags: 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 Car Cars Mazda Misc RX2 RX3

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Description

🏷️ Basic Information

Identification

Make:

Mazda

Model:

RX-2 / RX-3

Codes

Chassis Codes:

S102A (RX-2), S124A (RX-3)

Engine Codes:

12A (Rotary)

👋 Introduction

Market Position

Segment:

Compact/Sports Coupe and Sedan

Target Audience:

Enthusiasts, DIY mechanics, restoration specialists working on classic Mazda rotary vehicles

Competitive Analysis

Key Competitors Era:

Datsun (Nissan) 240Z/260Z, Toyota Corolla Levin/Sprinter Trueno, Mitsubishi Lancer, Ford Escort, Alfa Romeo Alfetta

Key Features

Rotary Engine Advantage:

Smooth operation, high power-to-weight ratio, unique driving experience

Design Styling:

Distinctive Japanese styling of the era, often praised for its clean lines and sporty proportions

Manual Value Proposition:

Provides essential technical data for maintaining and repairing these increasingly collectible rotary-powered Mazdas.

📋 Manual Details

Coverage Areas

Body Styles Covered:

Coupe, Sedan, Station Wagon, Rotary Coupe

Regions Covered:

Likely Global (based on common service manual distribution)

Page Count

Estimated Page Count:

Manual Type

Manual Type:

Service and Repair Workshop Manual

Language

Language:

English

Format

Format:

PDF Download

📖 Manual Coverage

Systems Covered

Engine Mechanical:

Rotary engine internals, rotor housing, apex seals, side seals, oil seals, eccentric shaft, lubrication system, cooling system, exhaust system

Fuel System:

Carburetor(s) (e.g., Hitachi/Aisan), fuel pump, fuel lines, fuel tank, emission control systems (e.g., air injection, EGR - depending on market)

Ignition System:

Distributor, ignition coil, spark plugs, ignition timing, breaker points/electronic ignition (later models)

Transmission Manual:

Gearbox assembly, clutch, shift linkages, lubrication, overhaul procedures

Transmission Automatic:

Automatic gearbox (if applicable), torque converter, hydraulic control, overhaul procedures

Drivetrain:

Rear axle, differential, driveshafts, wheel bearings, propellor shaft

Suspension Front:

Independent front suspension (e.g., MacPherson strut or coil spring/wishbone), steering knuckle, control arms, bushings, shock absorbers

Suspension Rear:

Leaf spring (common on early models) or coil spring live axle, shock absorbers, trailing arms

Steering:

Steering box/rack and pinion, steering column, tie rods, steering wheel, power steering system (if equipped)

Brakes Front:

Disc brake system, calipers, pads, rotors, brake lines, master cylinder

Brakes Rear:

Drum brake system (common) or disc brake system, wheel cylinders, shoes, drums, brake lines, parking brake system

Electrical System:

Wiring diagrams, battery, alternator/generator, starter motor, lighting system (headlights, taillights, interior), horn, fuses, relays, dashboard instrumentation

Body And Chassis:

Body panel removal/installation, door mechanisms, window regulators, interior trim, seat adjustment, chassis lubrication, frame specifications

Heating And Ventilation:

HVAC system components, blower motor, heater core, ducting, controls

Procedures Included

Preventive Maintenance:

Oil changes, filter replacements, spark plug checks, coolant flushes, brake fluid checks, belt adjustments, lubrication points

Routine Repairs:

Brake pad/shoe replacement, clutch adjustment, carburetor tuning, minor engine tune-ups, light bulb replacement

Major Engine Repairs:

Engine disassembly and reassembly, apex seal replacement, eccentric shaft bearing replacement, rotor housing lapping/resurfacing (potentially)

Transmission Overhaul:

Complete gearbox disassembly, inspection, component replacement, and reassembly for both manual and automatic transmissions

Suspension And Steering Repair:

Bushings replacement, shock absorber replacement, ball joint replacement, tie rod end replacement, steering box adjustment

Brake System Repair:

Brake caliper rebuild, master cylinder replacement, wheel cylinder replacement, brake line flaring and replacement, bleeding procedures

Electrical Troubleshooting:

Diagnostic procedures using wiring diagrams, testing of charging system, starting system, lighting circuits, and accessories

Bodywork And Interior:

Body panel alignment, door lock repair, window mechanism repair, seat and trim component replacement

Emission Control System Service:

Maintenance and troubleshooting of air injection, EGR, and other emission control devices specific to the model year and market

Technical Depth

Diagnostic Information:

Troubleshooting charts, symptom-based diagnostics, component testing specifications

Torque Specifications:

Detailed torque values for all critical fasteners across engine, chassis, and drivetrain components

Clearances And Tolerances:

Precise measurements for engine component assembly (e.g., apex seal clearance, rotor end float), bearing clearances

Wiring Diagrams:

Comprehensive electrical schematics for all vehicle systems, often color-coded for clarity

Special Tools:

Identification of required special tools for specific procedures, often with diagrams or part numbers

Rebuild Procedures:

Detailed step-by-step instructions for complete engine, transmission, and carburetor rebuilds

📊 Manual Specifications

File Format

File Format:

Searchability:

Likely text-searchable PDF for efficient information retrieval

Print Quality

Print Quality:

High-resolution scans suitable for printing or on-screen viewing

Binding Type

Binding Type:

N/A (Digital Download)

Paper Type

Paper Type:

N/A (Digital Download)

⚙️ Engine Specifications

Primary Engine

Engine Type:

Wankel Rotary

Engine Code:

Displacement:

2 x 315 cc (approx. 1.16 L effective displacement per rotor, total 12A is often quoted as 1.16L or 12A designation refers to rotor size)

Rotor Design:

Single Rotor or Two-Rotor configurations (12A is typically a two-rotor engine in these models)

Performance

Horsepower Range:

Approx. 100-130 hp (depending on market, emissions controls, and specific model variant)

Torque Range:

Approx. 110-130 lb-ft (depending on market and specific model variant)

Fuel System

Carburetion:

Twin-barrel Downdraft Carburetor (e.g., Hitachi, Aisan)

Fuel Type:

Unleaded Gasoline (Octane rating as specified by Mazda, typically premium)

Lubrication

Oil System:

Forced lubrication with oil sump; distinct rotary engine oil metering system (separate oil injection for lubrication of apex seals, often mixed with fuel or injected directly, requiring specific attention and maintenance).

🔧 Transmission

Standard

Transmission Type Standard:

4-speed Manual Transmission

Optional

Transmission Type Optional:

3-speed Automatic Transmission

Features

Clutch Type:

Dry single-plate clutch

Drive Layout:

Rear-wheel drive (RWD)

📐 Dimensions

Exterior

Length Rx2:

Approx. 4160 mm (163.8 in)

Length Rx3:

Approx. 4100-4320 mm (161.4-170.1 in) depending on body style

Width:

Approx. 1600-1640 mm (63.0-64.6 in)

Height:

Approx. 1300-1370 mm (51.2-53.9 in)

Weights

Curb Weight:

Approx. 950-1100 kg (2094-2425 lbs) depending on configuration

🛡️ Safety Features

Ratings

Crash Test Data:

No formal government crash test ratings available for vehicles of this era in the modern sense. Safety features were basic.

Active Features

Braking System:

Front disc, rear drum (standard); 4-wheel disc available on some higher trims/performance variants.

Passive Features

Seat Belts:

Lap belts (front), likely optional or lap belts for rear passengers.

Headrests:

Often integrated into the seat back, not adjustable by modern standards.

Body Construction:

Unibody construction with crumple zones as understood for the period.

💡 Technology Features

Infotainment

Audio System:

Basic AM/FM radio, often with an optional 8-track player or cassette deck in later models/higher trims.

Driver Assistance

Driver Assistance Features:

None by modern standards. Features like power steering and disc brakes were considered advanced for the time.

Connectivity

Connectivity Features:

🔧 Maintenance

Service Intervals

Engine Oil Change:

Every 3,000 miles (5,000 km) or 3 months, whichever comes first (typical for the era, especially with rotary engines).

Oil Filter Change:

With every oil change.

Spark Plug Check:

Every 6,000 miles (10,000 km) or as specified by manual, checking for wear and proper gap.

Coolant Flush:

Every 12,000-24,000 miles (20,000-40,000 km) or 1-2 years, using appropriate coolant.

Lubrication Points:

Chassis lubrication every 6,000 miles (10,000 km).

Fluid Specifications

Engine Oil Type:

API SF/CD or equivalent, viscosity typically SAE 10W-30 or 10W-40 (check manual for exact spec; rotary-specific oils might be recommended for specific applications).

Transmission Fluid Manual:

API GL-4 Gear Oil, SAE 75W-90 or 80W-90.

Transmission Fluid Automatic:

Dexron II or equivalent Automatic Transmission Fluid (ATF).

Brake Fluid Type:

DOT 3 or DOT 4 hydraulic brake fluid.

Coolant Type:

Ethylene glycol based antifreeze/coolant, mixed with distilled water (50/50 ratio recommended).

Rotary Oil Injection:

Specific two-stroke pre-mix oil or dedicated rotary injection oil, often mixed with fuel or injected via a separate pump. Crucial for apex seal lubrication. Consult manual for specific type.

Known Issues

Apex Seal Wear:

The most critical wear item in a Wankel engine. Can lead to compression loss, hard starting, and power reduction. Requires rebuild.

Carburetor Issues:

Wear in throttle shafts, diaphragm leaks, and jet clogging can affect fuel delivery and performance. Carburetor rebuilds are common.

Oil Consumption:

Rotary engines inherently consume some oil for lubrication. Excessive consumption indicates seal issues.

Cooling System Overheating:

Due to compact engine bay and the nature of rotary heat, cooling system maintenance is paramount. Radiator, hoses, and thermostat integrity are key.

Ignition Component Wear:

Points and condensers (if fitted) require regular adjustment. Coil and distributor wear can also impact performance.

📚 Vehicle History

Brand Heritage

Rotary Pioneering:

Mazda's commitment to the Wankel rotary engine, beginning with the Cosmo Sport and continuing with the RX series, established its unique engineering identity.

Model Evolution

Rx2 Introduction:

Launched in 1970 as the 'Capella Rotary' in Japan and 'RX-2' in export markets. It was Mazda's second rotary-powered production car.

Rx3 Introduction:

Launched in 1971 as the 'Savanna' in Japan and 'RX-3' in export markets. Positioned slightly below the RX-2/Capella, offering similar rotary performance in a compact package.

Facelifts Updates:

Both models received minor styling updates and powertrain refinements throughout their production runs.

Production

Production Period:

1970-1978 (RX-2/Capella), 1971-1978 (RX-3/Savanna)

Manufacturing Location:

Japan

🏆 Awards & Recognition

Recognitions

Motoring Press Awards:

While specific awards for these models are scarce by modern metrics, they were recognized for their innovative rotary engine and sporty performance within their segments during the 1970s.