Ford Taurus Complete Workshop Service Repair Manual 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991

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🏷️ Basic Information Identification Make: Ford Model: Taurus Generation: First Generation Body Style: Sedan (4-door), Station Wagon (5-door) Production Years Covered By Manual: 1986, 1987, 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991 👋 Introduction Market Position Segment: Mid-size sedan and station wagon Target Audience: Families, professionals, fleet buyers Competitive Analysis Key Competitors Era: Chevrolet Lumina, Buick LeSabre, Chrysler New Yorker, Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera Key Features Design Innovation: Aerodynamic styling, front-wheel drive (transaxle), spacious interior ('Cab-Forward' design influence) Practicality: Comfortable ride, practical wagon variant, good fuel economy for its class Sales Success: Hugely successful, revitalized Ford's passenger car lineup, best-selling American car for several years 📋 Manual Details Coverage Areas Manual Type: Complete Workshop Service and Repair Manual Language: English Format: Downloadable PDF Page Count: Comprehensive (typically over 2000 pages for this era of workshop manual) Scope: Covers all systems, maintenance, troubleshooting, and repair procedures 📖 Manual Coverage Systems Covered Engine Mechanical: Engine removal/installation, cylinder head, valve train, pistons, connecting rods, crankshaft, lubrication system, cooling system, timing belts/chains Engine Performance: Fuel system (injection, carburetion for early models), ignition system, emission control systems, engine diagnostics Transmission Manual: Manual transmission (MTX) overhaul, clutch system, shift linkage Transmission Automatic: Automatic transaxle (AXOD, AX4S, AX4N for later models) overhaul, torque converter, valve body, hydraulic system, electronic controls Drivetrain: Front-wheel drive axle shafts, CV joints, differential service Suspension: Front and rear suspension components, struts, springs, control arms, bushings, wheel bearings Steering: Power steering system, steering rack/gearbox, steering column, tie rods Brakes: Front and rear disc brakes, drum brakes (rear), hydraulic system, ABS (if equipped), parking brake Electrical System: Battery, charging system (alternator), starting system (starter), lighting, fuses, relays, wiring diagrams Body And Chassis: Body panels, doors, hood, trunk, glass, interior trim, frame/unibody structure HVAC: Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning system components, refrigerant service Procedures Included Maintenance: Oil changes, filter...

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Description

🏷️ Basic Information

Identification

Make:

Model:

Taurus

Generation:

First Generation

Body Style:

Sedan (4-door), Station Wagon (5-door)

Production Years Covered By Manual:

1986, 1987, 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991

👋 Introduction

Market Position

Segment:

Mid-size sedan and station wagon

Target Audience:

Families, professionals, fleet buyers

Competitive Analysis

Key Competitors Era:

Chevrolet Lumina, Buick LeSabre, Chrysler New Yorker, Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera

Key Features

Design Innovation:

Aerodynamic styling, front-wheel drive (transaxle), spacious interior ('Cab-Forward' design influence)

Practicality:

Comfortable ride, practical wagon variant, good fuel economy for its class

Sales Success:

Hugely successful, revitalized Ford's passenger car lineup, best-selling American car for several years

📋 Manual Details

Coverage Areas

Manual Type:

Complete Workshop Service and Repair Manual

Language:

English

Format:

Downloadable PDF

Page Count:

Comprehensive (typically over 2000 pages for this era of workshop manual)

Scope:

Covers all systems, maintenance, troubleshooting, and repair procedures

📖 Manual Coverage

Systems Covered

Engine Mechanical:

Engine removal/installation, cylinder head, valve train, pistons, connecting rods, crankshaft, lubrication system, cooling system, timing belts/chains

Engine Performance:

Fuel system (injection, carburetion for early models), ignition system, emission control systems, engine diagnostics

Transmission Manual:

Manual transmission (MTX) overhaul, clutch system, shift linkage

Transmission Automatic:

Automatic transaxle (AXOD, AX4S, AX4N for later models) overhaul, torque converter, valve body, hydraulic system, electronic controls

Drivetrain:

Front-wheel drive axle shafts, CV joints, differential service

Suspension:

Front and rear suspension components, struts, springs, control arms, bushings, wheel bearings

Steering:

Power steering system, steering rack/gearbox, steering column, tie rods

Brakes:

Front and rear disc brakes, drum brakes (rear), hydraulic system, ABS (if equipped), parking brake

Electrical System:

Battery, charging system (alternator), starting system (starter), lighting, fuses, relays, wiring diagrams

Body And Chassis:

Body panels, doors, hood, trunk, glass, interior trim, frame/unibody structure

HVAC:

Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning system components, refrigerant service

Procedures Included

Maintenance:

Oil changes, filter replacements, fluid checks and changes, tune-ups, belt and hose inspection/replacement

Troubleshooting:

Diagnostic procedures, symptom-based troubleshooting, error code interpretation (OBD-I)

Repair:

Component removal, installation, adjustment, and rebuilding for all major systems

Diagnostics:

Detailed diagnostic trees, testing procedures for sensors and actuators, ignition timing adjustment

Specifications:

Torque specifications, alignment data, electrical values, fluid capacities and types

Technical Depth

Depth:

Comprehensive (covers everything from basic fluid changes to complete engine and transmission overhauls)

Diagnostic Tools:

Information on using specific diagnostic tools and equipment for the era (e.g., timing lights, multimeters, basic scan tools for OBD-I)

Wiring Diagrams:

Detailed electrical schematics for all vehicle systems

📊 Manual Specifications

File Format

File Type:

Searchability:

Fully searchable text content

Print Quality:

High-resolution scans, suitable for printing

Accessibility:

Instant download

Binding Type

Binding:

N/A (Digital Download)

Paper Type

Paper:

N/A (Digital Download)

⚙️ Engine Specifications

Primary Engine

Engine Code 1986-1989:

4-cylinder Vulcan 2.3L (140 cu in) MPI - 86 hp @ 4600 rpm, 120 lb-ft @ 2800 rpm

Engine Code 1986-1990:

V6 Essex 2.5L (153 cu in) Multi-Port Fuel Injection (MPFI) - 100 hp @ 4600 rpm, 133 lb-ft @ 2800 rpm (for early models, replaced by 3.0L)

Engine Code 1986-1995:

V6 Vulcan 3.0L (182 cu in) MPI - 140 hp @ 4800 rpm, 170 lb-ft @ 3000 rpm (common engine)

Engine Code 1988-1995:

V6 SHO (Super High Output) 3.0L Yamaha V6 - 220 hp @ 6000 rpm, 200 lb-ft @ 5000 rpm (later increased to 3.2L)

Performance

Horsepower Range:

86 hp to 220 hp

Torque Range:

120 lb-ft to 200 lb-ft

Fuel System

Injection Type:

Multi-Port Fuel Injection (MPI) standard across most engines; Throttle Body Injection (TBI) on some early 4-cylinders

Fuel Type:

Unleaded Gasoline (87 octane recommended for Vulcan, higher for SHO)

🔧 Transmission

Standard

Transmission Type Standard:

4-speed Automatic Transaxle (AXOD, AX4S, AX4N for later models)

Optional

Transmission Type Optional:

5-speed Manual Transaxle (MTX)

Features

Drive Layout:

Front-Wheel Drive (FWD)

Automatic Features:

Electronic Controls (ECT) on later models for shift quality and efficiency

📐 Dimensions

Exterior

Wheelbase:

104.2 inches

Length Sedan:

189.6 inches

Width:

70.2 inches

Height Sedan:

53.7 inches

Interior

Passenger Volume:

Approx. 102 cu ft

Cargo

Trunk Volume:

Approx. 16.0 cu ft

Weights

Curb Weight Range:

Approx. 3000 - 3400 lbs (depending on engine and body style)

🛡️ Safety Features

Ratings

NHTSA Frontal Impact Driver:

Good (for 1987 Sedan model, as tested by IIHS)

Active Features

Optional Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) available on many models

Traction Control:

Not commonly available in this generation, limited to some later model SHO variants or aftermarket

Passive Features

Airbags:

Driver side airbag became standard equipment in later years of this generation (e.g., 1990+), optional earlier

Seatbelts:

3-point front and rear seatbelts

💡 Technology Features

Infotainment

Audio System:

AM/FM radio with cassette player, optional CD player on higher trims or later models

Display:

Analog gauges, analog climate controls, basic digital displays for odometer and trip computer on some models

Driver Assistance

Cruise Control:

Standard on most trims

Power Accessories:

Power windows, power door locks, power mirrors available or standard depending on trim

Connectivity

Phone Integration:

None (pre-Bluetooth era)

Diagnostic Interface:

OBD-I (On-Board Diagnostics, first generation)

🔧 Maintenance

Service Intervals

Oil Change Interval:

Every 3,000 - 5,000 miles or 6 months, depending on driving conditions and oil type

Engine Coolant Change:

Every 30,000 miles or 2 years

Transmission Fluid Change Auto:

Every 30,000 - 50,000 miles

Transmission Fluid Change Manual:

Every 50,000 - 75,000 miles

Spark Plug Replacement:

Every 30,000 - 100,000 miles depending on plug type (conventional vs. platinum/iridium)

Fluid Specifications

Engine Oil Type:

API SG/SH or newer, SAE 5W-30 recommended for most engines (check manual for specifics)

Engine Oil Capacity:

4.5 - 5.0 quarts (4.3 - 4.7 liters) depending on engine

Automatic Transmission Fluid:

Mercon V or equivalent (Ford specification)

Power Steering Fluid:

Ford power steering fluid or Mercon ATF

Coolant Type:

Ethylene glycol-based antifreeze, 50/50 mix with distilled water

Known Issues

Common Problem 1:

Head gasket leaks on Vulcan 3.0L V6 engines (especially earlier versions)

Common Problem 2:

Transmission solenoid issues or electronic control module failures on automatic transaxles (AXOD/AX4S)

Common Problem 3:

Corrosion in cooling system leading to leaks or overheating

Common Problem 4:

Interior electrical gremlins (window motors, door locks, interior lights)

Common Problem 5:

CV joint wear and boot tears on front axles

📚 Vehicle History

Brand Heritage

Ford Legacy:

Ford's reputation as a mass-market manufacturer known for practical and affordable vehicles

Model Evolution

Introduction Year:

Design Inspiration:

Ford Sierra (Europe) influenced some styling cues, but Taurus was a clean-sheet American design

Redesign Points:

Minor facelift in 1988, more significant redesign for the second generation in 1992

Production

Manufacturing Locations:

Chicago, Illinois, USA; Kansas City, Missouri, USA

Sales Performance:

Record-breaking sales, often outselling all competitors in its class

🏆 Awards & Recognition

Recognitions

Car And Driver 10Best:

Named to Car and Driver's 10Best list for multiple years (1986-1992)

Motor Trend Car Of The Year:

Motor Trend Car of the Year for 1986

Industry Impact:

Widely credited with revitalizing Ford's passenger car line and influencing American automotive design trends