🏷️ Basic Information Identification Make: Maserati Model: Biturbo Model Variants: 220, 222, 222 SR, 228, 418, 420, 420 G, 420 Si, 422, 424, 424v, 430 Model Years Covered: 1987, 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993 Codes Chassis Codes: AM330, AM331, AM332, AM334, AM338, AM339 👋 Introduction Market Position Manufacturer: Maserati Era: Late 1980s to early 1990s Vehicle Type: Luxury Sports Sedan/Coupe Competitive Analysis Competitors: BMW 5 Series, Mercedes-Benz E-Class, Jaguar XJ-S, Alfa Romeo 75 (limited overlap). Key Features Engine Configuration: Twin-turbocharged V6, some V8 variants. Design Philosophy: Italian design, performance-oriented, emphasis on luxury and sportiness. Manual Value Proposition: Provides access to factory-level repair and maintenance information for enthusiasts and mechanics working on these complex vehicles. 📋 Manual Details Coverage Areas Geographic Coverage: Global (reflecting factory service procedures) Language: English Page Count Page Count: Hundreds (specific number not stated, described as comprehensive) Manual Type Manual Type: Factory Service & Repair Workshop Manual Format Format: PDF Download Accessibility: Downloadable to computer, tablet, smartphone; usable on multiple devices Licensing Licensing: Lifetime use, no expiry, no renewal fees Compatibility Operating System Compatibility: Windows & MAC compatible 📖 Manual Coverage Systems Covered Engine Mechanical: Engine overhaul, cylinder head service, piston and connecting rod installation, crankshaft and main bearing service, timing belt and chain service, lubrication system, cooling system. Engine Electrical: Ignition system, fuel injection system (Bosch LE2-Jetronic, Weber Marelli IAW), starting and charging systems, sensor testing and replacement, wiring diagrams. Transmission: Manual and automatic transmission service, clutch replacement, gear shifting mechanisms, torque converter service, transmission fluid specifications and change intervals. Drivetrain: Drive shafts, differential service, CV joints, axle shafts. Suspension: Front and rear suspension component inspection, replacement (shocks, struts, bushings, control arms), wheel alignment specifications. Steering: Power steering system diagnosis and repair, steering rack service, steering column components. Brakes: Hydraulic brake system service, brake pad and rotor replacement, caliper overhaul, brake bleeding procedures, ABS system diagnosis and repair (where applicable). Electrical System: Complete vehicle wiring diagrams, lighting systems, interior and exterior lighting, horn, power windows, power seats, central locking, instrumentation, fuse and relay identification. HVAC: Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning system service, refrigerant handling (R12 specified), component replacement. Body: Exterior panel adjustment and replacement, door and window sealing, interior trim removal and installation, rust repair guidance. Fuel System: Fuel pump, fuel filter, fuel lines, fuel tank service, pressure testing. Procedures Included Routine Maintenance: Oil and filter changes, air filter replacement, spark plug replacement, coolant flush, brake fluid flush, differential fluid change. Troubleshooting: Diagnostic procedures for common and uncommon faults, symptom-based troubleshooting charts, fault code interpretation (if applicable to specific ECUs). Repair Procedures: Step-by-step instructions for component removal, disassembly, repair, reassembly, and installation. Component Replacement: Detailed guidance on replacing specific parts with correct torque values and sequences. Specifications Data: Torque specifications, clearances, fluid capacities, electrical resistance values, pressure readings. Technical Depth Depth: Comprehensive, from basic maintenance to complete engine and transmission rebuilds, including electrical system diagnostics. Detail Level: Detailed photos and diagrams, exploded views, step-by-step instructions. 📊 Manual Specifications File Format File Format: PDF Print Quality Printability: Printable (single pages or entire manual) Binding Type Binding Type: Not applicable (Digital Download) Paper Type Paper Type: Not applicable (Digital Download) ⚙️ Engine Specifications Primary Engine Engine Type: Maserati 'Tipo 182' V6, Twin-Turbocharged Displacement V6: 2.0L (1996cc), 2.5L (2494cc), 2.8L (2790cc) Engine Type V8: Maserati 'Tipo 180' V8, Twin-Turbocharged Displacement V8: 3.0L (2969cc) - often found in 430 and 228 models Performance Horsepower Range: Approx. 180-250 HP (depending on displacement, turbo boost, and market) Torque Range: Approx. 230-300 lb-ft (depending on displacement, turbo boost, and market) Fuel System Fuel Delivery: Bosch K-Jetronic or LE2-Jetronic (electronic injection), Weber Marelli IAW P8 fuel injection (later models). Fuel Type: Unleaded Gasoline Engine Management ECU Types: Bosch, Weber Marelli 🔧 Transmission Standard Standard Transmission: 5-Speed Manual (Getrag, ZF) Optional Optional Transmission: 3-Speed Automatic (BorgWarner, Chrysler Torqueflite) Features Drive Layout: Rear-Wheel Drive (RWD) Fluid Specifications Manual Transmission Fluid: GL-4 (e.g., SAE 75W-90 or 80W-90, specific API rating may vary by Getrag/ZF model) Automatic Transmission Fluid: Dexron II (or equivalent specification) 📐 Dimensions Exterior Body Styles: 4-door Sedan, 2-door Coupe Weights Curb Weight Range: Approx. 1400-1600 kg (3080-3530 lbs) 🛡️ Safety Features Ratings Safety Ratings: Not officially rated by modern agencies like NHTSA/Euro NCAP due to era of manufacture. Historically, safety was less of a primary focus compared to performance and luxury. Passive Features Passive Safety: Three-point seatbelts, padded dashboard, collapsible steering column. Active Features Active Safety Features: Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) - optional on some models, power-assisted brakes. 💡 Technology Features Infotainment Audio System: Factory fitted radio/cassette players, often with premium sound options from brands like Blaupunkt or Nakamichi. Driver Assistance Cruise Control: Standard on many models. Connectivity Connectivity Features: Limited by era; primarily focused on vehicle systems and basic entertainment. 🔧 Maintenance Service Intervals Oil Change Interval: Typically every 5,000-7,500 km (3,000-5,000...