🏷️ Basic Information Identification Make: Porsche Model: 928 S Model Year: 1986 Body Style: 2+2 Grand Tourer Coupe Codes Internal Model Code: 928 S 👋 Introduction Market Position Positioning: The Porsche 928 was a premium, front-engine, rear-wheel-drive luxury grand tourer produced by Porsche AG from 1978 to 1995. It was designed to be a more comfortable and practical alternative to the 911, featuring a V8 engine and a transaxle layout. Competitive Analysis Competitors: Competed with other high-end GT cars of the era such as the Jaguar XJS, Mercedes-Benz SLC/SL, and Aston Martin V8 Vantage. Key Features Unique Selling Points: Unique transaxle design for balanced weight distribution, powerful V8 engine, distinctive 'transaxle' styling, advanced (for its time) technology and luxury appointments. 📋 Manual Details Coverage Areas Primary Coverage: Electrical system troubleshooting and repair Page Count Estimated Page Count: Approx. 150-250 pages (typical for this era's Porsche technical documentation for specific systems) Manual Type Type: Wiring Diagram Manual / Electrical Troubleshooting Manual Language Language: English Format Format: Likely a digital format (PDF) given the product description, potentially a scanned original 📖 Manual Coverage Systems Covered Electrical Systems: Engine Management, Fuel Injection, Ignition, Lighting (headlights, taillights, interior), Instrumentation (gauges, warning lights), HVAC Controls, Power Accessories (windows, locks, seats), Audio System Wiring, ABS System (if equipped), Cruise Control, Wiper/Washer System, Starter/Charging System, Fuse Box and Relay Layouts, Grounding Points, Diagnostic Connectors Procedures Included Troubleshooting Procedures: Step-by-step diagnostic routines for common electrical faults, component testing methods, circuit analysis, fault code interpretation (if applicable to the era's diagnostics) Technical Depth Depth: Detailed circuit diagrams, component identification, wire colors, connector pinouts, voltage drop tests, resistance checks, troubleshooting flowcharts. 📊 Manual Specifications File Format Digital Format: PDF (presumed), High-resolution scan of original documents Print Quality Quality: Clear and legible diagrams, text readable for component identification and troubleshooting steps. Binding Type Binding: N/A (for digital format). If printed, would typically be coil-bound or perfect-bound. Paper Type Paper: N/A (for digital format). Original manuals used durable paper for workshop use. ⚙️ Engine Specifications Primary Engine Engine Type: V8, naturally aspirated Displacement: 4.7 liters (4664 cc) Performance Horsepower: Approx. 288 hp (212 kW) at 5500 rpm (DIN) Torque: Approx. 300 lb-ft (407 Nm) at 3600 rpm (DIN) Fuel System Fuel Delivery: Bosch L-Jetronic fuel injection Engine Codes Engine Code: M30/10 (European) / M30/10 (US, with catalytic converter) 🔧 Transmission Standard Transmission Type: 5-speed manual transaxle Optional Transmission Type: 3-speed automatic transaxle (e.g., automatic transaxle, reference code G28.07) Features Layout: Rear transaxle (engine front, transmission and differential rear) Fluid Specifications Manual Transmission Fluid: API GL-4 or GL-5, SAE 75W-90 or 80W-90 (check specific manual for exact Porsche spec) Automatic Transmission Fluid: Dexron III or equivalent (check specific manual for exact Porsche spec) 📐 Dimensions Exterior Length: 4655 mm (183.3 in) Width: 1780 mm (70.1 in) Height: 1280 mm (50.4 in) Wheelbase: 2700 mm (106.3 in) Weights Curb Weight: Approx. 1630-1680 kg (3593-3704 lbs), depending on transmission and equipment Gross Vehicle Weight Rating: Approx. 2080 kg (4586 lbs) 🛡️ Safety Features Ratings Crash Test Ratings: No standardized crash test ratings available from modern agencies for this era; designed to stringent Porsche safety standards of the time. Active Features Braking System: Four-wheel disc brakes, ventilated front and rear. ABS (Anti-lock Braking System) was standard on US models and optional elsewhere. Suspension: Independent front suspension with control arms and transverse torsion bars, independent rear suspension with trailing arms and coil springs. Optional self-leveling rear suspension. Passive Features Airbags: Driver's side airbag standard from this model year. Seatbelts: Three-point inertia-reel seatbelts with pre-tensioners. 💡 Technology Features Infotainment Audio System: Premium audio system (e.g., Blaupunkt or Grundig) with cassette player and amplifier. Speaker wiring and amplifier integration would be covered in the manual. Driver Assistance ABS: Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) was available and its electrical components, sensors, and control unit wiring are critical troubleshooting areas. Connectivity Diagnostic Port: Early diagnostic connectors for engine management and other systems are present; the manual would detail their function and pinouts for troubleshooting. 🔧 Maintenance Service Intervals Oil Change Interval: Typically every 7,500-10,000 miles or 1 year, whichever comes first (refer to specific manual for exact recommendation). Major Service Interval: Timing belt replacement recommended every 30,000-60,000 miles or 4-5 years (critical due to interference engine design). Check manual for precise interval. Fluid Specifications Engine Oil Type: SAE 15W-50 or 10W-40 synthetic or semi-synthetic oil meeting Porsche A40 or similar specification (check manual for exact spec). Coolant Type: Porsche approved ethylene glycol-based coolant with corrosion inhibitors, mixed 50/50 with distilled water. Brake Fluid Type: DOT 4 or DOT 5.1 high-performance brake fluid. Known Issues Electrical Concerns: Age-related degradation of wiring insulation (especially the 'European' wiring loom which was prone to embrittlement), faulty relay failures, intermittent power to accessories, issues with fuel pump relays and DME control unit wiring. Headlight pop-up mechanism motors...