🏷️ Basic Information Identification Make: Land Rover Model: Range Rover Year: 1996 Codes Chassis Code: P38A 👋 Introduction Market Position Positioning: The 1996 Range Rover (P38A) represented the pinnacle of luxury and off-road capability in its era, appealing to affluent consumers seeking versatility and refinement. Competitive Analysis Competitors: Competed against other high-end SUVs like the Mercedes-Benz M-Class, Jeep Grand Cherokee, and select luxury sedans offering all-wheel drive. Key Features Defining Features: Electronic Air Suspension (EAS), robust V8 engines, luxurious interior, formidable off-road prowess, advanced (for its time) electronic systems. 📋 Manual Details Coverage Areas Primary Coverage: Comprehensive repair, service, diagnostics, and maintenance for the 1996 Land Rover Range Rover (P38A). Secondary Coverage: Includes troubleshooting, wiring diagrams, specifications, and component identification. Page Count Estimated Page Count: 1500+ Manual Type Type: Factory Service Manual (FSM) Language Language: English Format Format: Print (likely spiral-bound or perfect bound) 📖 Manual Coverage Systems Covered Powertrain: Engine (4.0L V8, 4.6L V8), Transmission (ZF 4HP22/24 automatic), Transfer Case (e.g., LT230). Chassis: Suspension (Electronic Air Suspension - EAS), Steering, Brakes (ABS, LSD), Wheels, Tires. Electrical: Engine Management Systems (GEMS, P38A ECUs), Lighting, Instrumentation, Audio, HVAC Controls, EAS Control Module, Security System, Power Accessories. Body: Exterior body panels, doors, windows, sunroof, interior trim, seats, HVAC ducting. Procedures Included Maintenance: Scheduled servicing, fluid changes, filter replacements, lubrication. Repair: Component removal, installation, disassembly, assembly, and repair for all major systems. Diagnostics: Troubleshooting guides, fault code interpretation, diagnostic connector locations, flow charts. Technical Depth Depth: Expert level; covers complete engine rebuilds, transmission overhauls, EAS calibration, complex electrical diagnostics, and bodywork repairs. 📊 Manual Specifications File Format Digital Format Quality: N/A (Assuming Print Copy) Print Quality Print Quality: High quality, professional printing with clear text and diagrams. Binding Type Binding: Likely Spiral-bound for lay-flat usability or Perfect Bound for durability. Paper Type Paper Type: Durable, heavy-stock paper suitable for workshop environments. ⚙️ Engine Specifications Primary Engine Engine Code: 3.9L: 42D, 4.0L: 46D, 4.6L: 46E Displacement: 3950cc (3.9L) / 4000cc (4.0L) / 4554cc (4.6L) Configuration: 90-degree Overhead Valve (OHV) V8 Performance Horsepower: Approx. 182 hp (3.9/4.0L) to 225 hp (4.6L) Torque: Approx. 230 lb-ft (3.9/4.0L) to 280 lb-ft (4.6L) Fuel System Injection Type: Multi-point Fuel Injection (MPI) Fuel Type: Unleaded Gasoline (91 Octane or higher recommended) Ignition System Ignition Type: Distributorless Ignition System (DIS) or Distributor-based systems. 🔧 Transmission Standard Transmission Type: ZF 4HP22/24 Automatic Transmission Optional Manual Option: None (Automatic only for the P38A generation) Features Shift Modes: Comfort/Sport modes on some variants. Fluid Specifications Transmission Fluid Type: Dexron III/Mercon Automatic Transmission Fluid (ATF) 📐 Dimensions Exterior Length: Approx. 191.1 inches (4855 mm) Width: Approx. 79.0 inches (2007 mm) Height: Approx. 72.8 inches (1850 mm) Wheelbase Wheelbase: Approx. 113.4 inches (2880 mm) Weights Curb Weight: Approx. 4,600 - 5,000 lbs (2087 - 2268 kg) 🛡️ Safety Features Ratings NHTSA Rating: N/A (Specific ratings for this era and model are not consistently published). Active Features ABS: Standard Anti-lock Braking System (ABS). Traction Control: Optional Electronic Traction Control (ETC) on some models. Passive Features Airbags: Driver and passenger front airbags. Seatbelts: Three-point seatbelts with pre-tensioners. 💡 Technology Features Infotainment Audio System: Premium audio systems (e.g., Harmon Kardon) often available, with CD changers or tape decks. Navigation: Optional factory navigation system (early generation). Driver Assistance Cruise Control: Standard electronic cruise control. Parking Assistance: Rear parking sensors available on some later models. Connectivity Diagnostic Port: OBD-II (On-Board Diagnostics II) compliant, typically with a specific Land Rover diagnostic connector in addition to or integrated with the standard port. 🔧 Maintenance Service Intervals Oil Change Interval: Every 6,000 miles or 6 months, whichever comes first (check manual for specifics). Transmission Fluid Interval: Recommended every 30,000 - 50,000 miles, or as per manual. Fluid Specifications Engine Oil Specification: API SG/SH, SAE 10W-40 or 15W-50 (depending on climate). Coolant Specification: OAT (Organic Acid Technology) or HOAT (Hybrid Organic Acid Technology) coolant, typically a 50/50 mix with distilled water. Brake Fluid Specification: DOT 3 or DOT 4 Brake Fluid. Known Issues Common Wear Items: EAS compressor, EAS air springs, head gasket, coolant leaks (especially from the 'becker' type fittings), ABS/ETC sensors, window regulators, HEVAC system (climate control). Electrical Gremlins: P38A models are known for complex electrical systems that can sometimes lead to intermittent issues if not properly maintained or repaired. 📚 Vehicle History Brand Heritage Heritage: Land Rover has a long-standing reputation for producing robust, go-anywhere vehicles since 1948, establishing the Range Rover as the archetype of the luxury SUV. Model Evolution Generation: Second Generation (P38A), introduced in 1994 as a successor to the Classic Range Rover. Production Production Years: 1994-2001 (for P38A generation) Manufacturing Location: Solihull, West Midlands, United Kingdom. 🏆 Awards & Recognition Recognitions Off Road Capability: Consistently lauded for its exceptional off-road capabilities, often winning comparisons against contemporary competitors in off-road challenges. Luxury Status: Recognized for its luxurious appointments...