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Subaru Impreza 1997 - 1998 Complete Factory Service / Repair / Workshop Manual

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🏷️ Basic Information Identification Make: Subaru Model: Impreza Years Covered: 1997-1998 Generation Generation Designation: First Generation (GM/GF/GC) Codes Chassis Codes: GC (Coupe), GF (Wagon), GM (Sedan) 👋 Introduction Market Position Subaru Impreza 1997 1998 Positioning: The 1997-1998 Subaru Impreza represented Subaru's compact offering, known for its standard All-Wheel Drive (AWD) system and sporty driving dynamics, particularly in WRX and STI variants (though domestic market WRX/STI are distinct). Competitive Analysis Competitors: Competed against vehicles like the Honda Civic, Toyota Corolla, Mitsubishi Lancer, Mazda Protege, and Ford Escort. Key Features Standard AWD: Standard Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive was a defining characteristic, offering superior traction and handling in various conditions. Engine Options: Offered various boxer engine configurations, known for their low center of gravity. Body Styles: Available in sedan, coupe, and wagon body styles, catering to diverse needs. Manual Value Proposition Value For Owners: Essential for owners seeking to maintain, diagnose, and repair their vehicle effectively, saving on labor costs and ensuring proper operation. 📋 Manual Details Coverage Areas Diagnostic Procedures: Extensive diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs), symptom-based diagnostics, component testing. Repair Procedures: Detailed step-by-step instructions for all major mechanical and electrical repairs. Maintenance Schedules: Comprehensive scheduled maintenance based on mileage and time. Technical Specifications: Precise torque values, fluid capacities, clearances, and diagnostic specifications. Wiring Diagrams: Complete electrical system wiring diagrams for all circuits. Page Count Estimated Page Count: Likely over 1000 pages (typical for factory service manuals of this era). Manual Type Manual Type: Factory Service Manual / Workshop Manual / Repair Manual Language Language: English Format Format: PDF Download 📖 Manual Coverage Systems Covered Engine Mechanical: Engine assembly, disassembly, cylinder head, crankshaft, pistons, connecting rods, lubrication system, cooling system. Engine Management: Fuel injection, ignition system, emission control systems, sensors and actuators, engine control unit (ECU). Transmission Manual: Clutch system, manual transmission (gearbox) overhaul, shift linkage. Transmission Automatic: Automatic transmission overhaul, torque converter, valve body, transmission control unit (TCU). Drivetrain: All-Wheel Drive (AWD) system (VTD, DCCD where applicable), differentials, drive shafts, CV joints. Suspension Steering: Front and rear suspension components, shock absorbers, struts, bushings, steering rack, power steering system. Brakes: Brake system components (discs, pads, calipers, master cylinder, brake lines), ABS system. Electrical System: Battery, charging system, starting system, lighting, instruments, power windows, central locking, horn, wipers, exterior/interior lights. Body Exterior: Body panels, doors, windows, bumpers, hood, trunk, chassis structure, rustproofing. Body Interior: Seats, dashboard, trim panels, airbags, HVAC system, audio system. HVAC: Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system diagnosis and repair, refrigerant handling. Safety Systems: Airbag system, seat belt mechanisms. Procedures Included Routine Maintenance: Oil changes, filter replacements, spark plug replacement, fluid level checks and top-offs. Troubleshooting Diagnostics: Systematic diagnostic flowcharts for common and uncommon faults. Engine Repair: Head gasket replacement, timing belt replacement, piston ring replacement, bearing replacement. Transmission Repair: Clutch replacement, manual gearbox rebuild, automatic transmission service. Brake System Repair: Brake pad and rotor replacement, brake caliper overhaul, brake bleeding. Electrical Component Replacement: Alternator, starter motor, battery, sensors, actuators, power mirrors, power window motors. Body Panel Alignment: Door, hood, and trunk alignment procedures. Airbag Replacement: Proper procedures for handling and replacing airbag modules and related components. Technical Depth Depth Of Coverage: Comprehensive from basic maintenance to complete engine and transmission rebuilds, including diagnostics and electrical troubleshooting. Diagnostic Tools Required: Mentions diagnostic scan tools and specific measurement equipment needed for accurate diagnosis. Special Tools: Lists Subaru-specific special tools required for certain procedures. 📊 Manual Specifications File Format File Format: PDF Searchable Text: Typically includes searchable text for efficient information retrieval. Printable: Generally printable, allowing for physical use in a workshop. Print Quality Image Resolution: High-resolution images and diagrams for clarity. Binding Type Binding Type: Not applicable for PDF download (digital format). Paper Type Paper Type: Not applicable for PDF download (digital format). ⚙️ Engine Specifications Primary Engine Engine Code And Type: EJ22 (2.2L SOHC), EJ25 (2.5L DOHC and SOHC). EJ20 variants for performance models (WRX, STI in specific markets). Displacement Us Liter: 2.2 Liters (EJ22), 2.5 Liters (EJ25) Performance Horsepower Ej22: Approximately 135 hp @ 5600 rpm Torque Ej22: Approximately 140 lb-ft @ 4400 rpm Horsepower Ej25 DOHc: Approximately 165 hp @ 5600 rpm Torque Ej25 DOHc: Approximately 166 lb-ft @ 4000 rpm Horsepower Ej25 Sohc: Approximately 142 hp @ 5600 rpm Torque Ej25 Sohc: Approximately 150 lb-ft @ 4000 rpm Fuel System Fuel Delivery: Electronic Fuel Injection (EFI), Multi-port fuel injection. Fuel Type: Unleaded Gasoline Recommended Octane: 87 or higher (89 recommended for some EJ25 variants). Engine Internals Compression Ratio Ej22: 9.5:1 Compression Ratio Ej25 DOHc: 10.0:1 Timing Belt Interval: Recommended replacement every 60,000 miles or 4 years. 🔧 Transmission Standard Standard Transmission Type: 5-speed Manual Transmission (with AWD) Optional Optional Transmission Type: 4-speed Automatic Transmission (with AWD) Features AWD System Type: Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive (various configurations: viscous coupling center differential, active torque split, driver-controlled center differential on STI). Fluid...
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Subaru Impreza 1997 - 1998 Complete Factory Service / Repair / Workshop Manual
🏷️ Basic Information
Identification
Make:
Subaru
Model:
Impreza
Years Covered:
1997-1998
Generation
Generation Designation:
First Generation (GM/GF/GC)
Codes
Chassis Codes:
GC (Coupe), GF (Wagon), GM (Sedan)
👋 Introduction
Market Position
Subaru Impreza 1997 1998 Positioning:
The 1997-1998 Subaru Impreza represented Subaru's compact offering, known for its standard All-Wheel Drive (AWD) system and sporty driving dynamics, particularly in WRX and STI variants (though domestic market WRX/STI are distinct).
Competitive Analysis
Competitors:
Competed against vehicles like the Honda Civic, Toyota Corolla, Mitsubishi Lancer, Mazda Protege, and Ford Escort.
Key Features
Standard AWD:
Standard Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive was a defining characteristic, offering superior traction and handling in various conditions.
Engine Options:
Offered various boxer engine configurations, known for their low center of gravity.
Body Styles:
Available in sedan, coupe, and wagon body styles, catering to diverse needs.
Manual Value Proposition
Value For Owners:
Essential for owners seeking to maintain, diagnose, and repair their vehicle effectively, saving on labor costs and ensuring proper operation.
📋 Manual Details
Coverage Areas
Diagnostic Procedures:
Extensive diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs), symptom-based diagnostics, component testing.
Repair Procedures:
Detailed step-by-step instructions for all major mechanical and electrical repairs.
Maintenance Schedules:
Comprehensive scheduled maintenance based on mileage and time.
Technical Specifications:
Precise torque values, fluid capacities, clearances, and diagnostic specifications.
Wiring Diagrams:
Complete electrical system wiring diagrams for all circuits.
Page Count
Estimated Page Count:
Likely over 1000 pages (typical for factory service manuals of this era).
Manual Type
Manual Type:
Factory Service Manual / Workshop Manual / Repair Manual
Language
Language:
English
Format
Format:
PDF Download
📖 Manual Coverage
Systems Covered
Engine Mechanical:
Engine assembly, disassembly, cylinder head, crankshaft, pistons, connecting rods, lubrication system, cooling system.
Engine Management:
Fuel injection, ignition system, emission control systems, sensors and actuators, engine control unit (ECU).
Transmission Manual:
Clutch system, manual transmission (gearbox) overhaul, shift linkage.
Transmission Automatic:
Automatic transmission overhaul, torque converter, valve body, transmission control unit (TCU).
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive (AWD) system (VTD, DCCD where applicable), differentials, drive shafts, CV joints.
Suspension Steering:
Front and rear suspension components, shock absorbers, struts, bushings, steering rack, power steering system.
Brakes:
Brake system components (discs, pads, calipers, master cylinder, brake lines), ABS system.
Electrical System:
Battery, charging system, starting system, lighting, instruments, power windows, central locking, horn, wipers, exterior/interior lights.
Body Exterior:
Body panels, doors, windows, bumpers, hood, trunk, chassis structure, rustproofing.
Body Interior:
Seats, dashboard, trim panels, airbags, HVAC system, audio system.
HVAC:
Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system diagnosis and repair, refrigerant handling.
Safety Systems:
Airbag system, seat belt mechanisms.
Procedures Included
Routine Maintenance:
Oil changes, filter replacements, spark plug replacement, fluid level checks and top-offs.
Troubleshooting Diagnostics:
Systematic diagnostic flowcharts for common and uncommon faults.
Engine Repair:
Head gasket replacement, timing belt replacement, piston ring replacement, bearing replacement.
Transmission Repair:
Clutch replacement, manual gearbox rebuild, automatic transmission service.
Brake System Repair:
Brake pad and rotor replacement, brake caliper overhaul, brake bleeding.
Electrical Component Replacement:
Alternator, starter motor, battery, sensors, actuators, power mirrors, power window motors.
Body Panel Alignment:
Door, hood, and trunk alignment procedures.
Airbag Replacement:
Proper procedures for handling and replacing airbag modules and related components.
Technical Depth
Depth Of Coverage:
Comprehensive from basic maintenance to complete engine and transmission rebuilds, including diagnostics and electrical troubleshooting.
Diagnostic Tools Required:
Mentions diagnostic scan tools and specific measurement equipment needed for accurate diagnosis.
Special Tools:
Lists Subaru-specific special tools required for certain procedures.
📊 Manual Specifications
File Format
File Format:
PDF
Searchable Text:
Typically includes searchable text for efficient information retrieval.
Printable:
Generally printable, allowing for physical use in a workshop.
Print Quality
Image Resolution:
High-resolution images and diagrams for clarity.
Binding Type
Binding Type:
Not applicable for PDF download (digital format).
Paper Type
Paper Type:
Not applicable for PDF download (digital format).
⚙️ Engine Specifications
Primary Engine
Engine Code And Type:
EJ22 (2.2L SOHC), EJ25 (2.5L DOHC and SOHC). EJ20 variants for performance models (WRX, STI in specific markets).
Displacement Us Liter:
2.2 Liters (EJ22), 2.5 Liters (EJ25)
Performance
Horsepower Ej22:
Approximately 135 hp @ 5600 rpm
Torque Ej22:
Approximately 140 lb-ft @ 4400 rpm
Horsepower Ej25 DOHc:
Approximately 165 hp @ 5600 rpm
Torque Ej25 DOHc:
Approximately 166 lb-ft @ 4000 rpm
Horsepower Ej25 Sohc:
Approximately 142 hp @ 5600 rpm
Torque Ej25 Sohc:
Approximately 150 lb-ft @ 4000 rpm
Fuel System
Fuel Delivery:
Electronic Fuel Injection (EFI), Multi-port fuel injection.
Fuel Type:
Unleaded Gasoline
Recommended Octane:
87 or higher (89 recommended for some EJ25 variants).
Engine Internals
Compression Ratio Ej22:
9.5:1
Compression Ratio Ej25 DOHc:
10.0:1
Timing Belt Interval:
Recommended replacement every 60,000 miles or 4 years.
🔧 Transmission
Standard
Standard Transmission Type:
5-speed Manual Transmission (with AWD)
Optional
Optional Transmission Type:
4-speed Automatic Transmission (with AWD)
Features
AWD System Type:
Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive (various configurations: viscous coupling center differential, active torque split, driver-controlled center differential on STI).
Fluid Specifications
Manual Transmission Fluid Spec:
Subaru Extra-S Gear Oil (or equivalent API GL-5, SAE 75W-90)
Automatic Transmission Fluid Spec:
Subaru ATF-HP (or Dexron III/Mercon equivalent)
📐 Dimensions
Exterior
Length Sedan:
Approx. 172.4 inches (4379 mm)
Width Sedan:
Approx. 66.7 inches (1694 mm)
Height Sedan:
Approx. 54.1 inches (1374 mm)
Wheelbase:
Approx. 99.8 inches (2535 mm)
Weights
Curb Weight Sedan Manual:
Approx. 2700 - 2900 lbs (1225 - 1315 kg)
🛡️ Safety Features
Ratings
NHTSA Ratings 1997:
Not readily available for this specific year/model in a comparable format to modern standards. Early Imprezas generally had adequate safety for their time.
Active Features
ABS:
Available Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) on select trims.
AWD Handling:
Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive provides enhanced stability and traction.
Passive Features
Airbags:
Driver and passenger front airbags.
Seat Belts:
Three-point seat belts with pretensioners for front occupants.
💡 Technology Features
Infotainment
Audio System:
Factory-installed AM/FM stereo with cassette player, optional CD player. Basic speaker configurations.
Driver Assistance
Cruise Control:
Available cruise control system.
ABS:
Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) as an optional feature.
Connectivity
Bluetooth Connectivity:
Not available on factory systems of this era.
Climate Control
Manual HVAC Controls:
Manual heating and air conditioning controls.
🔧 Maintenance
Service Intervals
Oil Change Interval:
Every 3,750 - 7,500 miles or 6 months, depending on driving conditions (severe vs. normal).
Engine Air Filter Replacement:
Every 15,000 - 30,000 miles.
Cabin Air Filter Replacement:
Not typically equipped on these models.
Spark Plug Replacement:
Around 60,000 - 100,000 miles depending on plug type (copper vs. platinum).
Fluid Specifications
Engine Oil Type And Capacity Ej22:
API SG or SH, SAE 5W-30 or 10W-30. Capacity: Approx. 4.5 quarts (4.3 L) with filter.
Engine Oil Type And Capacity Ej25:
API SH or SJ, SAE 5W-30 or 10W-30. Capacity: Approx. 4.7 quarts (4.4 L) with filter.
Coolant Type:
Subaru Super Coolant (or ethylene glycol-based coolant with corrosion inhibitors, silicate-free). Mix 50/50 with distilled water.
Brake Fluid Spec:
DOT 3
Power Steering Fluid Spec:
Subaru Genuine Power Steering Fluid or Dexron III/Mercon ATF
Known Issues
Ej25 Head Gasket Failure:
Certain EJ25 DOHC engines from this era are known for premature head gasket failure due to design flaws. The manual will detail the proper replacement procedure.
Timing Belt Wear:
Regular inspection and timely replacement of the timing belt is crucial to prevent catastrophic engine damage.
Oil Consumption:
Some EJ engines can exhibit increased oil consumption with age; manual will guide on checking PCV systems and oil seals.
Automatic Transmission Harsh Shifting:
Older automatic transmissions may develop harsh shifting; fluid changes and solenoid checks are covered.
📚 Vehicle History
Brand Heritage
Subaru Heritage:
Subaru, a division of Subaru Corporation (formerly Fuji Heavy Industries), has a long history in aviation and automotive manufacturing, known for its horizontally opposed ('boxer') engines and All-Wheel Drive systems.
Model Evolution
First Generation Impreza:
The first-generation Impreza (GC/GF/GM) was introduced in 1992 globally, with the 1997-1998 models being part of the first generation's facelifted version, which brought revised styling and updated features.
Production
Production Location:
Primarily manufactured in Japan.
Performance Variants:
This era also saw the introduction and rise of the rally-bred WRX (World Rally eXperimental) and STI (Subaru Tecnica International) models, which gained international acclaim in motorsport and influenced the perception of the Impreza line.
🏆 Awards & Recognition
Recognitions
Car And Driver 10Best:
The Subaru Impreza WRX and STI variants, particularly later generations, have been recognized by automotive publications like Car and Driver on their '10Best' lists for performance and handling.
Motorsport Acclaim:
The Impreza platform achieved significant success in the World Rally Championship (WRC) during the late 1990s and early 2000s, solidifying its performance image.
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