This comprehensive service and repair manual is specifically designed for the BMW 1-Series F20 F21 model year 2016, covering all models and repair procedures. It provides detailed, step-by-step instructions, diagrams, illustrations, wiring schematics, and specifications to help you maintain, service, diagnose, and repair your vehicle with ease.

The manual offers a complete range of information, covering topics such as:

* **Maintenance:** Routine maintenance procedures, including oil changes, filter replacements, and fluid checks.
* **Engine:** Detailed information on engine components, including the cylinder head, valves, pistons, and crankshaft. It covers diagnosis and repair of engine problems, including starting issues, misfires, and overheating.
* **Control System:** Comprehensive insights into the electronic control systems, including engine management, transmission control, and ABS.
* **Mechanical:** Covers the mechanical systems of your car, such as the transmission, steering, suspension, brakes, and drivetrain.
* **Fuel Service Specifications:** Specific details on fuel system components, including the fuel tank, fuel pump, fuel lines, and fuel injectors.
* **Emission Control:** Information on emission control systems, including the catalytic converter, oxygen sensors, and exhaust gas recirculation system.
* **Intake Exhaust Cooling:** Covers the intake and exhaust systems, including the air intake, exhaust manifolds, and cooling systems.
* **Lube:** Provides information on lubricants and lubrication systems.
* **Ignition Starting Charging:** Covers the ignition, starting, and charging systems, including the spark plugs, ignition coils, starter motor, and alternator.
* **Auto Transmission Clutch:** Details on automatic transmission components and operation, including the torque converter, clutches, and gear selection.
* **Manual Transmission:** Explains the operation and repair of manual transmissions, including the gear shifter, clutch, and transmission gears.
* **Transfer Propeller Shaft:** Covers the transfer case and propeller shaft, including their operation and repair procedures.
* **Drive Shaft:** Information on drive shafts, including their components and repair procedures.
* **Differential:** Explains the operation and repair of differentials, including the axles and gears.
* **Axle Suspension:** Details on axle and suspension components, including the suspension arms, springs, shocks, and stabilizers.
* **Tire & Wheel:** Provides information on tire and wheel configurations, including tire pressure, tire wear, and wheel alignment.
* **Brake Control:** Covers the brake control system, including the brake master cylinder, brake booster, and brake lines.
* **Brake:** Explains the operation and repair of brake systems, including the calipers, rotors, and brake pads.
* **Parking Brake:** Information on the parking brake system and its components.
* **Steering Column:** Details on the steering column components, including the steering wheel, steering shaft, and steering gear.
* **Power Steering:** Covers the power steering system, including the power steering pump, power steering lines, and power steering rack.
* **Air Condition:** Information on the air conditioning system, including the compressor, condenser, evaporator, and refrigerant.
* **Suppl Restraint System:** Details on the supplemental restraint system (SRS), including the airbags and seatbelt pretensioners.
* **Seat Belt:** Explains the operation and maintenance of the seatbelt system.
* **Engine Immobilizer:** Covers the engine immobilizer system, which prevents unauthorized operation of the vehicle.
* **Cruise Control:** Information on the cruise control system, including its operation and maintenance.
* **Wiper & Washer:** Explains the operation and repair of the windshield wiper and washer system.
* **Door Lock:** Covers the door locking system, including the door locks, door handles, and keyless entry system.
* **Meter Audio/Visual:** Information on the instrument cluster, including the gauges, warning lights, and audio/visual systems.
* **Horn:** Details on the horn system, including the horn button and horn assembly.
* **Windshield/Glass Mirror:** Covers the windshield, windows, and mirrors, including their replacement and repair procedures.
* **Instrument Panel:** Provides information on the instrument panel, including the dashboard, controls, and displays.
* **Seat:** Explains the operation and repair of the seats, including the adjustment mechanisms, heating, and ventilation.
* **Engine Hood/ Door:** Details on the engine hood and doors, including their opening, closing, and latch mechanisms.
* **Exterior & Interior:** Covers the exterior and interior components, including the body panels, trim, and upholstery.
* **Electrical:** Comprehensive information on the electrical system, including the wiring diagrams.
* **Multiplex/ Can Communication:** Covers the multiplexing and CAN communication systems, which allow electronic control units to communicate with each other.

This manual is designed to be a valuable resource for both professional technicians and DIY enthusiasts. With its detailed information and clear instructions, it empowers you to perform repairs and maintenance on your BMW 1-Series with confidence.

The BMW 1-Series (F20/F21) is a compact executive hatchback produced by BMW from 2011 to 2019. The second generation of the 1-Series, internally designated as F20/F21, was launched in 2011 and underwent a mid-cycle refresh in 2015. This generation introduced a significant departure from its predecessor by adopting a front-wheel-drive platform, a first for a BMW 1-Series. The F20/F21 platform, known as the UKL platform, served as the basis for a variety of BMW models, including the 2-Series Active Tourer, X1, and X2. Although the move to front-wheel drive stirred some controversy among purists, it allowed BMW to offer a more spacious interior and improved fuel efficiency.

The F20/F21 1-Series was available with a range of petrol and diesel engines, including the efficient 114i, the sporty 135i, and the economical 116d. The 1-Series offered a diverse range of equipment and trim levels, including the base model, Sport, Luxury, and M Sport. The M Sport package, in particular, offered a sportier aesthetic with revised bumpers, side skirts, and larger alloy wheels, along with a more performance-oriented suspension setup. The 1-Series also featured a range of advanced technologies, including BMW's iDrive infotainment system, optional navigation, and a variety of driver assistance systems. The F20/F21 1-Series proved to be a popular choice for those seeking a stylish, practical, and fun-to-drive compact hatchback. The availability of a diverse range of engine options, trim levels, and technologies catered to a wide range of customer preferences.